Belosvinuha is threecolor (lat. Leucopaxillus tricolor) – edible mushroom from the Tricholum family. It is considered extremely rare or even relict, in many regions it is listed in the Red Book.
How it looks
The hat has large sizes when compared with most other mushrooms. It reaches 20-30 cm in diameter and has a thickness of 4-5 cm, which is a record in the world of mushrooms with an indicator. At a young age convex, the edges are very wrapped down, but over time, they are completely straightened. The surface to the touch is velvety and matte, there are few scales. The color is unstable, changes during drought and after rain. As you can understand from the name, on average has three shades – brownish, yellow and white. Also, in his youth, these specimens often appear a protective film on a hat that forms a firm scales and is tightly pressed against it.
Plates are often located and have a wide, but even shape. The color is light gray or pale yellow. Upon reaching adult age, the edge of the records darkens and becomes less often, but its small pieces may remain on the leg.
The leg is not particularly high, 6-10 cm in height, but very thick in diameter – 3-5 cm. Near the base it swells and quite dense, occasionally can have hollow gaps. Her color is white. Near the mushroom lip, the thickness expands to 6-9 cm, and the leg itself takes a pin-shaped shape. Ties up to four centimeters up.
Thanks to the structure, the fruit body of the fungus has a rather watery and marble structure.
The pulp has no taste, does not change color on the break, very thick and painted white. The smell is quite sharp, flour, especially intensifies and becomes noticeable during the season of heavy rains.
Where it grows
Belosvinuha threecolor is considered a very rare type of mushroom, which is attributed to the group of relicts of tertile age. The threat of the disappearance of this instance appeared due to the beginning of the mass deforestation and deciduous forests. Distributes around the world, except Asia. In Eurasia, the accurate range of the spread of these mushrooms is not established, but the main areas can be called: Taiga Sayan, whose deforestation has not yet reached people, the middle part of the Angara region, the pine arrays of Altai and the Forests of the Right Coast of the Volga. Almost never found in the area of Sevastopol and on the Crimean Peninsula, as well as in Penza. There were only a few cases when, during scientific expeditions, Belosvinuh was found there.
These mushrooms grow mainly under birches in small groups. In regions with a warm climate can be found under an oak or beech when a moderate climate – Under pine trees. Fruiting is quite long and is observed from the middle of summer to the end of September. The mushroom is considered a saprotroph and prefers to settle on a litter of overwhelming foliage. The most common companion for symbiosis is the birch.
Doubles
Because of its size, Belosvinuh has no doubles as such, but there are quite similar representatives of the family that are more common and can be confused with this view:
- Belosvinuha is bitter
Belosvinuha is bitter
Mushroom with bitter pulp, which is why it is considered inedible. Just like his brother, firmly fuse and retains its structure with any type of processing. Differs in more modest sizes and has a darker shade of the hat. The smell is the same as that of the Belosvinuhi threecolor, but so sugary that it becomes inhale very quickly unpleasant.
The diameter of the hat of this fungus on average reaches 20 cm, and thickness 2-4. Has a smooth surface with a small amount of mucus. The leg is also small and usually reaches a maximum of ten centimeters in height. Its color does not change over time and remains white.
- Differences are white
Differences are white
This species is also slightly smaller than Belosvinuhi, has a white leg and brown spots on it. The taste of the pulp is acute, but the mushroom is considered edible. In some regions, it is appreciated along with a real cargo, which belongs to the first taste category and is considered one of the most delicious common mushrooms.
A hat 10-20 cm in diameter, but sometimes it can grow larger. The leg rarely grows longer than 5-6 cm, so it is much lower than the Belosvinuha.
Often used in folk medicine as tinctures. Helps against tumors, in particular, during the treatment of sarcoma.
Use
Threecolor is not advised to use Belosvinuhu, as in principle to cut it off, since it is very rare and in many regions it is listed in the Red Book. But according to the observations of some people, this mushroom is very tasty and you can eat it even without additional processing, just washed and eaten. It can also boil, salt, pickle and fry it like most other mushrooms. Well tolerates pickle due to solid pulp, which retains its structure, regardless of the method of preparation.
Some claim that they are alarmed by the sharp unpleasant smell of the mushroom, from which it is far from always possible to get rid of during processing. Even experienced mushroom pickers bypass this species due to its low prevalence, too large for mushrooms and a specific smell.
