Kazakhstan is in the center of Eurasia. The country has a well-developed economy, but the activities of some, especially industrial, enterprises have negatively affected the state of the environment. Environmental issues cannot be ignored, as this can lead to negative consequences.
The problem of land desertification
Desertification is the largest environmental problem in Kazakhstan. This occurs not only in dry and arid regions, but also in semi-arid. This process is due to the following factors:
At the moment, desertification occurs on 66% of the country’s territory. Because of this, Kazakhstan occupies the first position in the ranking of countries in terms of soil degradation.
Air pollution
As in other countries, one of the main environmental problems is air pollution by various hazardous substances:
Inhaling these harmful compounds and elements with air, people develop diseases such as lung cancer and allergies, psychological and neurological disorders.
Experts recorded that the worst state of the atmosphere in economically developed industrial regions in Pavlograd, Aksu and Ekibastuz. Sources of atmospheric pollution are vehicles and energy facilities.
Hydrosphere pollution
There are 7 large rivers on the territory of Kazakhstan, there are small and large lakes, as well as reservoirs. All these water resources suffer from pollution, agricultural and domestic runoff. Because of this, harmful elements and toxic substances enter the water and earth. Recently, the problem of fresh water shortage has become relevant in the country, since water contaminated with toxic compounds becomes unsuitable for drinking. Not the last place is occupied by the problem of pollution of water areas by oil products. They impede the self-purification of rivers and hinder the activity of living organisms.
In general, there are a huge number of environmental problems in Kazakhstan, we have dealt with only the largest. In order to preserve the country’s environment, it is necessary to reduce the level of human impact on the biosphere, reduce sources of pollution and carry out environmental protection activities.
