Germany is a country with a well-developed industry and agriculture. From these two spheres, its main environmental problems are formed. The impact on nature from industrial enterprises and cultivation of fields is 90% of the anthropogenic load on the ecological system.
Country features
Germany ranks second in Europe in terms of population. Its territory and level of technical potential allows the development of complex industrial production, including: automotive, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, chemical industry. Despite a responsible approach to technology, a large concentration of enterprises inevitably leads to the accumulation of harmful substances in the air.
German national pedantry excludes “unforeseen” releases of toxic substances into the atmosphere or spills of chemicals on the soil. It has all the necessary filtering systems, environmental technologies really work, as well as legislation. Serious sanctions are imposed for causing harm to nature, up to the forced shutdown of the offending enterprise.
The territory of Germany has a different relief. There is both mountainous terrain and flat, consisting of fields. These areas are widely used for agriculture. Certain activities aimed at getting a good harvest also contribute to air and water pollution.
industrial pollution
Despite the excellent technologies used in German factories, it is impossible to completely eliminate the ingress of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Even in the systems of a closed cycle and repeated secondary processing, albeit small, but the percentage of the “exhaust” remains anyway. Given the high density of factories and factories, this makes itself felt by a deterioration in the composition of air over large industrial areas.
Under certain conditions (lack of wind, bright sunlight, plus air temperature), the largest German cities can be observed. This is a fog consisting of the smallest particles of exhaust gases of vehicles, emissions from enterprises and other pollutants. The industrial is able to turn into photochemical, when the components of substances react with each other, forming new compounds. This type of smog is especially dangerous for humans, causing various reactions of the body cough, shortness of breath, lacrimation, etc.D.
Pollution of agricultural chemicals
The welldeveloped agriculture of Germany widely uses pesticides. This term is understood as various substances designed to fight weeds, insects, rodents, etc.d. Pesticides protect the crop, allow you to get large volumes per unit area, increase the resistance of fruits to diseases and extend the shelf life.
Pesticide spraying over fields is usually done by aircraft. At the same time, chemicals are not only distributed to cultivated plants, but also to wild vegetation, to water bodies. This fact leads to the poisoning of a large number of insects and small animals. Moreover, a negative impact can occur along the food chain, when, for example, a bird suffers after eating a poisoned grasshopper.
Another less important pollution factor is the cultivation of fields. In the process of plowing the land, a large amount of dust rises into the air, settling on the leaves of trees and grass. Indirectly, this negatively affects the possibility of pollination of flowers, but this circumstance matters only in dry summer conditions.
