To be a mushroom picked a fairly interesting hobby that implies a forest adventure, walking in the fresh air. But in order for this lesson to do not harm, you need to understand the mushrooms well in order to easily identify edible.
There are a huge number of edible species. They have a special aroma and taste properties. Many of the representatives are considered delicacies, and finding them is a great luck.
Mushrooms permitted to use are divided into classes, taking into account the taste characteristics and nutritional value. Many are of incredible value due to the large number of nutrients in the composition.
The “meat” of mushrooms involves the presence of such nutrients as proteins, carbohydrates, it is also rich in vitamins and minerals. It also contains enzymes that affect the digestibility and operation of the digestive system. Champignons that are considered the most consumed person are especially well.
Clustering of edible mushrooms implies the presence of rare specimens, which are not so easy to find. Find a rare mushroom that does not represent special nutritional value, is still considered a great joy for mushroom hunters.
Here you can see a list of the most famous edible mushrooms representing special value for mushroom pickers. However, it is necessary to clearly know the distinctive features of the species, so as not to confuse them with inedible.
Polish mushroom
Belongs to the type of bours. It was previously imported to Russian markets from Poland. From here the name came. It is considered a valuable product. He is boiled, fried, dried.
Appearance similar to white mushroom. At the beginning of growth, the hat is wrapped. It takes place when the carrier grows up to about 12 cm.
It is rare in nature. Grows on acidic soils in areas with coniferous forest. Loves beech, oak and chestnut. Found in lowlands, on the foothills, at the foot of the trees.
Autumn tape
Applied in any form. In structure, the product is dense (you need to boil for a long time) with a pronounced mushroom aroma, but for an amateur.
The hat is first convex, then deployed, in diameter 2–15 cm. The color of sandy orange, brown. To the center, the color becomes brighter. There are small scales around the edges. White pulp.
Autumn tully is a parasite mushroom. It grows a friendly family on trees, stumps. Prefers mixed forests consisting of birches, aspen, oaks and pines.
The raincoat is edible
Edible mushroom from the genus of champignons. Suitable for any culinary dishes. Has a pronounced mushroom taste. Collect the mushroom at the beginning of its growth. As it grows, it becomes very tough.
The color of the mushroom is light, almost white. Has brown intersperses (scales). With approaching the center of the hat, scales become darker. Fruit in a diameter of 2-5 cm.
Grows in conifers and mixed forests. Prefers wet (rainy) weather. Ripening time beginning of summer / end of autumn.
Chain cap
Has a predominant distribution in Europe. He has many poisonous doubles. Grows from July to September in raw forests. More often found in blackberry bushes, under the spruce.
The mushroom hat looks like a cap, up to 12 cm in size. Color from a yellowish shade to brown color. During the cut, white pulp is visible. When in contact with oxygen, it turns growing rapidly.
Kozlyak
Edible representative from the genus Oil. He is also called a reshetnik, a mossy. Delicious, slightly slippery mushroom. It is not difficult to confuse the goat with an inedible counterpart pepper mushroom.
Hat 3-12 cm, pillow, sponge, porous, brilliant. To the touch it is sticky and smooth. Color light brown, brown.
Loves coniferous forests and sour soils. Often grows in symbiosis with pine. There are single “residents” and entire families.
Porcini
One of the most valuable noble mushrooms. Other names Borovik, binding. Eatable mushroom in any form. Has a rich, dense taste.
The leg of the mushroom is thick, dense, beige-white shade. Brown hat, straightened, up to 50 cm in diameter.
The collection peak falls at the end of spring and the beginning of summer. But he is met in autumn (in warm, wet weather). Loves deciduous and coniferous forests, often grows near the moss, lichen. Prefers loamy soil and sandstones. Widespread throughout Eurasia.
Dubovik is ordinary
An edible look of a boat. Valuable mushroom. Look like a white fellow. Grows mainly in oak forests. Sometimes found in conifers and mixed forests.
Collect an oak officer all summer and the beginning of autumn. The best time is after rain. The hat at the mushroom is large up to 20 cm, in shape dome. When it grows it opens, and becomes like a pillow. The surface is matte, velvety. The color is gray-brown.
When cooking does not lose elasticity. Has a delicate mushroom aroma.
Bruise
Edible, but unusual mushroom. In appearance beige, but when pressed or cut, it begins to acquire a bright blue color. Blue substance secreted by the mushroom is safe for humans.
The hat is convex, evenly painted in a sandy shade. There is a thickening on the leg from below. The pulp is brittle, loose.
Grows alone on sandy soil. Loves oak or conifers. The collection begins in the middle of summer and lasts until the end of the warm season. The representative is listed in the Red Book.
Supplery
Beautiful, edible mushroom. Has a pronounced mushroom aroma. Suitable for any dish.
Bugride, matte hat is represented by a hemisphere with a diameter of 5-15 cm. Color-gray-light-brown, it darkens to the center. Can be confused with gall mushroom. He is not poisonous, but very bitter.
Gather licenses near deciduous trees. Grow on the edges and in the lowlands.
Row is gray
Edible mushroom with a bright taste. Has other names sulfur, sunshine. Eat it after heat treatment (after cooking). Dense mushroom base without bitterness.
Grows in symbiosis with pines. Loves sandy soil under pine and mixed forests. Does not disdain old landings.
Medium hat 4–12 cm. Sometimes it grows to 20 cm. Color gray with a light purple tint.
The fox is ordinary
Edible bright orange mushroom. It is also called a “cockerel”. It is difficult to confuse with other copies. Initially, the hat has a weak bulge, then it becomes irregular in shape and is twisted into the funnel. Diameter 4-7 cm.
The taste of mushroom, dense. The consistency of the fruit body is fleshy, compacted. During heat treatment, it loses a little in color, but retains moisture.
Grow in groups from June to November in coniferous and mixed forests. Often found near the moss and in the cone.
A row is lilac
Combus mushroom from the family. Refers to the number of good mushrooms, that is, they are collected and eaten. The mushroom was called due to the corresponding color of its leg.
White hat with a small purple shade (6-15 cm), a lilac leg. Sometimes giants are found up to 25 cm.
Fleshy, dense mushroom. The taste is sweet, with fruit notes. Without a bright mushroom taste. Grows in summer and autumn in meadows and in the forests.
The oily oil is yellow-brown
Tubular, edible representative of oil. Other names swamp, Pestets. Prefers symbiosis with pine, but is also found in mixed forests. Grows on sandstone and among fallen needles.
Small hat 3-10 cm in diameter. Flat form. Color-brown-cream.
The mushroom is fried, boiled, pickled and salted. The quality of the product is low, but many value it for a specific, oily taste.
The scales are golden
Bright, easily recognizable mushroom. It grows in groups. Loves live but fallen trees.
Conditionally sedentary mushroom. Has an incomparable, slightly sweet taste. Experienced mushroom pickers collect it, thermally treated and eat. However, many complain of abdominal pain after eating the product.
The hat shines. It is bright orange with dark spots. In shape resembles a convex bell. Diameter 5–10 cm.
The hedgehog is yellow
Often called a cousin of a fox. Has high taste. Easy to cook do not boil or soak.
Mushroom specimens of a reddish tint with a wavy hat up to 15 cm in diameter. There are small spikes under the hat.
A representative is growing in wet forests (mixed, deciduous, coniferous). Prefers the growth in groups.
The umbrella is motley
Edible, very tasty mushroom. But only experienced mushroom pickers collect it, as you can confuse with poisonous counterparts fly agaric.
The hat is ovoid at first, but in the process of growth it opens and becomes huge. Some specimens grow up to 50 cm.
Grows on lawns, forest edge, paths. Love oaks, pines and other coniferous trees.
The flywheel is pearl
Edible mushroom, widespread throughout the northern hemisphere. The collection has occurred from spring to deep autumn. There are single specimens, but more often mushrooms settle in groups. Loves gestures and light areas in mixed forests.
Hat-5-15 cm, yellowish-cream, in the center more bright. The pulp is broken (on the cut will be pink, then blushes), without much taste. Mushroom aroma is barely perceptible.
Mookhovik is green
Famous edible mushroom. Grows under broadleaved trees (loves birch and willow). Mokhovik is collected in autumn from August to November.
Brown hat (up to 8 cm), matte. Leg of a yellowish or greenish tint. Sponginess porous, yellow.
The wave is white
Conventionally sedimentary, not very tasty mushroom. The name of the common people is whitish. Accordingly, it has a white color and scales-shirostinka on a hat (its diameter up to 6 cm). When preparing, the wave is soaked and boiled several times.
The mushroom grows next to birches. Representatives are more likely to collect Russian mushroom pickers. In Europe, they bypass him.
Other edible mushrooms
Open summer
Or in a different talk. The hat is small, caramel color, shiny, 3-6 cm. Growing from April to November. Loves rotten wood, broken trees. Grows in mixed and deciduous forests, loves a moderate climate. It grows in groups.
A similar poisonous look bordered and gypholom. Differences false specimens smaller and not scaly.
Lugovoi honey agaric
The second name is a clove mushroom, nonnunny. Creamcolored mushroom, leg slightly lighter. Hat diameter 2-5 cm. Grows from May to the end of September. He loves herbaceousness and open spaces (pastures, meadows, glades, gardens and gardens). Forms colonies and rows, more often “Witch Circles”. Mushroom of the 4th category, only hats are edible.
It looks like inedible mushrooms: the talker is whitened and collibia forestloving.
Truffle is white
A valuable mushroom that resembles all truffle mushrooms in shape is an uneven surface similar to a potato tuber. It reaches 12 cm in size. Color-uneven, white-cream.
The edibility of the fungus is ambiguous in Eurasia, Germany and other some countries is considered an edible delicacy. And in France, Italy, Spain, this is a poisonous mushroom that causes intestinal poisoning.
Mokruha spruce
Second name slug. The mushroom is strong, fleshy. The hat is smoky-gray, shiny, sluggish, up to 13 cm in diameter. The leg is thick, white. Loves coniferous and spruce thickets, mixed forests. Grows in moss or among heather, groups.
Seasonality: from August to November. There are no similar toxic mushrooms. Similar only to its other representatives (Mokrukh).
Maiskaya row
Georgiev Mushroom, May mushroom other names of a row. Refers to edible specimens. The hat is small, up to 6 cm. Cream color, leg white.
A mushroom in the entire European part of the country is growing. Loves pasture, meadows and mixed forests. Seasonality: from midspring to July inclusive.
Ryzhik (Ryzhik real)
In a different way-MLOSK. Has a rich red color. The hat up to 18 cm, first convex, but as it grows, it becomes a funnelshaped. The leg is also red.
Likes to grow in groups, in spruce or pine forests. More often in moss or in the grass. Valuable mushroom, suitable for frying or salting. You can eat raw.
Stage is seroplastin
Correctly call a serplastine false. It is considered edible. The hat is small 2-6 cm, first convex, then a spread, yellow-brown-red shade (color is more saturated to the center of the hat).
Found in groups on stumps in coniferous forests. You can collect from late spring to cold autumn.
Forest champignon (good)
The mushroom is popularly called a cap. The hat has an eggshaped brown shape. The diameter is medium up to 10 cm. There are black scales. The pulp is white. White leg, with a skirt.
It grows from midsummer to October month. Loves mixed and coniferous forests.
The wave is pink
Other names: rubella, wave, Volzhanka. The mushroom has a delicate pink color. The hat is dense, up to 12 cm in diameter. Funny. Back
White, with a pleasant mushroom, island taste.
Loves mixed and birch forests. Grows in groups, in a humid environment (more often after rain, in stuffy weather). Seasonality: from midsummer to midautumn. Rarely undergoes rot and infection with parasites.
Kurfila Grifol (mushroom-baran)
The second name is a dancing mushroom. It has an unusual shape consists of many thin, flat, semicircular hats. Merges with the color of the bark of the tree. Uneven hats up to 5 cm in size. Sitting each other.
It is considered an edible copy. Grows in broadleaved forests. Loves the foundations of old trees maple, beech, oak. The height is very fast, in the future it causes white rot in the tree.
Caesar mushroom (fly agaric Caesar)
Edible mushroom from the Amanite family. They call it differently-Caesarev Mushroom. The hat is dense, 8-12 cm in diameter. Has a golden or orange color, without mucus. Loves to grow in groups, next to the chestnut, oak or beech. It is found in coniferous forests. The soil prefers dry, sandy.
Can be confused with a poisonous red fly agaric.
Apovite edible (bbw)
Delicious mushroom with bright aroma. Has a brown dense hat (5-12 cm in diameter). The shape of the spherical and convex. Little like a white mushroom. Loves lichens and mossy bores. It has mycosis with pine.
Halfwhite mushroom
Other names are semiwhite, yellow boletus. Large mushroom with a wide leg and a large, dense hat (up to 20 cm). Color brown, smoky, matte. The leg is white-yellow.
Grows in beech, oak and grab forests. Less commonly found in coniferous and foreststeppe zones. Can be found on the Middle Volga. Edible mushroom, more often collected for pickling.
The oil is real
Tasty, popular mushroom. Hat diameter 3-14 cm. Hemispherical form, convex. Color brown, shiny, mucous. Juicy pulp, whitish. Whitish leg, with a skirt.
Loves to grow in coniferous and mixed forests. Forms mycosis with pine. Prefers light, sunny areas: edges, clearings. Can grow in roads and in meadows.
Used in soups, fried and pickled form. For drying is rarely used.
The fox is tubular
Or a tubular lop. Has an unusual rubble structure. Voroncous hats, up to 6 cm. The color is brown-gray-yellow, slightly reddish. The taste is weak, the pulp is thin and dense.
Grows in coniferous forests, loves shady places and sour soils with moss. Prefers rotten wood, bears fruit in groups. Seasonality: The beginning of autumn is the beginning of winter.
Row is pigeon
Edible look, but rarely comes across. The hat is large (up to 12 cm), fleshy, white (to beige center). The pulp in the place will be pinking. Grows single and groups. Seasonality the end of summer midautumn. Loves mixed forests, more often grows in birch or oak.
Dovznik is white
White, elongated mushroom, the center of the eggshaped hat darkens into cream. The surface is scaly. The pulp is soft, almost tasteless. Leg up to 35 cm in height.
Grows on loose soils, loves many fertilizers (pastures, gardens, gardens and parks). Grows often, groups. Season from the summer to the end of autumn.
Conditionally and eaten, while young. Can be eaten in the first 1-2 hours after collecting.
Royal Borovik
Large, thick mushroom of the Belotsy family. The hat is fleshy, up to 15 cm, convex, pillowshaped. In the center dent. Color-red-brown-pink. The pulp is compacted, yellow, turns blue on the break, has a pleasant mushroom aroma. Leg up to 15 cm, yellow-brown.
Grows in deciduous forests, loves sandy and lime soil. Seasonality June beginning of autumn. It is considered an edible mushroom, valued for density and saturated taste.
The white mushroom is birch
From the Borovikov family. It is more often called a spikelet. A hat up to 15 cm in diameter, brown-white, smooth, slightly with wrinkles. The leg is white.
Grows on the edges or near the roads. Loves mycosis with birch. It is often found in large quantities.
The hedgehog is coral
Unusual, beautiful mushroom white. In shape resembles snowwhite corals. While the mushroom is young white pulp. With age, it turns yellow. Without taste and smell. Grows on the trunks of trees, sometimes it covers stumps. Loves deciduous breeds: Yaz, Oak, Birch.
Listed in the Red Book of the USSR with rarity status.
Galler smoky (white)
Conditionally sedentary mushroom. Hat up to 25 cm, in the center of the tubercle. Grayish-light color. Flesh fleshy, brittle, compacted. The taste is powdery,
this, with fruit notes, slightly sour.
Loves conifers and mixed forests. Can grow in gardens, edges and along the road. Grows more often in groups, forms long rows. Seasonality-August-November.
Mookhovik is motley
In another way-a moss pasture. Large, edible mushroom, up to 13-15 cm in diameter. The hat is convex, pillow, dry, matte, slightly velvety. Brown color, cracked. The pulp is white-yellow, soft, spongy, turns blue in a section.
Grows in mixed, deciduous and coniferous forests. Loves loose and sour soils. Seasonality-July-Coven September.
White mushroom oak (meshmesh)
White summer mushroom. Edible and valuable. Has large sizes, a hat up to 30 cm in diameter. Color cream, coffee. The leg is white, large, thick, expands to the ground. White pulp, with saturated mushroom taste.
Starts to grow in May, finishes at the end of September. Loves deciduous forests, more often grows in oak, linden, chestnut. Less commonly grows in conifers.
Shiitaka
Japanese forest mushroom. Just starts to gain popularity in Eurasia. Cultivated around the world. A hat up to 20 cm in diameter, but the mushroom is valued more in small sizes. Color is dark brown, the leg is slightly lighter.
In Eurasia, it does not grow independently, but is actively grown for sale in supermarkets and catering.
Grabovik
From the Belotov family. Similar to a boletus. A hat up to 14 cm, hemispherical, but in adulthood becomes pillow. The surface is wrinkled, brown-gray, dry, matte. White pulp, it darkens on the cut.
Grows in deciduous forests, more often grows under the birch, poplah, hazel. Seasonality from June to October.
Mlechik oak
Conditional mushroom mushroom of the Syrozhkov family. Other names oak moving, subsurrent, adherent. The hat is small, up to 8 cm., slightly concave, dry, brown. The pulp is dense, white, has a sulfur smell and a barely helpful taste.
Grows under an oak. Often grows in mixed and broadleaved places. Seasonality-July-September.
Tool of the sheep
Edible mushroom from the family of tinder. It has a round hat of a light color up to 20 cm in diameter. The old mushroom is cracking on the hat. The edges are uneven bugr.
Grows in the European part of Eurasia. In the Moscow region, listed in the Red Book. He loves alkaline and neutral soils, more often grows in the meadow, under the spruce. Sometimes found in mixed and coniferous forests.
Tasty, while young, you can eat raw. How it gets old it becomes tough with bitterness.
The honey agaric is fatlegged
Edible representative from the kind of mushroom. Hat from 2.5 to 10 cm. In young form, light brown, older-yellowish-brown. There are scales on the hat. The shape is elongated, ovoid.
Taste with a little bitterness, cheese. It is recommended to use in boiled form. Grows on stumps and dying trees. Loves beech, spruce, ash.
Bronze Board (Bronze Borovik)
Valuable, edible mushroom. Dark hat 6-17 cm, below (spore bag) white. Leg of cream-brown color, similar in shape to a white mushroom.
The mushroom is rare. Grows in mixed forests, loves humus soils. Active growth in early autumn.
Shampignon ordinary
Or real champignon. Edible. The main representative of a kind. White hat, from 8 to 15 cm. Hemispherical, concave inward, with an increase. White pulp, reds slightly.
Grows in gardens and parks. Sometimes in cemeteries. He loves humus soil. Seasonality from May to October.
Camphor’s miller
The umbrella is white
A row is scaly
Redhaired spruce
Pink
Oyster oyster
Pine white mushroom
Gigrofor Late
Royal Office (Eryngi, Ezhenka Stepnaya)
Raller talker
Mokrukh is purple
Borovik is twocolor
The marsh cooler
Groundhide ordinary (pink lacker)
Light oyster
The boot is red
Sparassis curly (mushroom cabbage)
Borovik is yellow
A row of a violet
The honey agaric is dark
Beloshampynon is longrooted
The oily oil is granular
Garlic is ordinary
Borovik is thoroughly
Golovach is baggy
Plots of deer
The boletus is white
Gyroporus is blue
The row is dirty
Truffle Summer (Truffle Black Russian)
Albatrellus merging (Albatrellus fused)
Champignon August
Mleeper is ordinary
Sarcoscifs Scarlet
Borovik PoddaOdapochkovka (Borovik girl)
Tempoworker
Mookhovik is burdened
Champignon Field
Winter dialect
The row is broken
Mokhovik chestnut
Sunseline is white
Smore is real
Obabok blackening
Stanfaria wrinkled-ring (ring)
A row gigantic
Rozhkovy ozhenka
The rush is bluish
Drill
The cobweb is dirty
Zherezhka is green-red (like raw)
Hygrofer is spotty
Borroose Borovik
Sitter is Sitting
The champignon is doublecontrolled
Breatin Asian
Grozdeva horned
Rawhouse is yellow
Porkhovka lead-gray
The oily oil is deciduous
An umbrella girl
The fox is pale (white fox)
The oily is red
Orange shiver
Rozhkovny roller
Suppline boot
Matsuak
Mlechik is brownish
MLOSKY mayor
Leukopholiota wood
Babybok Far Eastern
Gypsisigus ilmovy
The lacker is not a fatherly
Mookhovik is velvet
Borovik is golden
Swamp raw
Red red
Drill raw dur or edible raw
Kedrov oil oily
Swamp bog
Risopogon is ordinary
Sprinking raw
Golovach oblong (elongated raincoat)
Falsesabbage is rowshaped
Truffle is black
Syroezhka is scaly
Borovik Fakhtner
The cheese is almond
Smallover
Ezhovik Usykikov
The field is early
Sosnovy boot
The cobweb is big
Podolshanik
Ezhovik is white
Open exile
Stop poplar
Gray oily
The oily oil is white
Cleader cellular
The row is shod
The field is cylindrical
Mitsenastrum leathery
Charpine champignon
Sunseline is yellow-brown
Breatin is notable
Hypomitses Molenik
Rawdrock is golden red
Rubin oily
Stepnoy’s grip
The boletus is multicolored
Pluts are noble
The oil is red-red
Champignon Curve
The boletus is harsh
Champignon tablet
Morse raw
Truffle Italian
Amethyst fox
The champignon is bicomring
Ezhovik creped
Molecnik is a rezunzone
Redhaired Japanese
Fukusshaped trembling
Collibia of Azem
The cheese is blue-yellow
Scales are scaly
Mokhovik Moravsky
The raw is solid
A spider-blue spider
Kserula is root
Hygropher is a cheese
Scales are edible
The hygrofer is black
The champignon is dark red
Champignon is elegant
Siberian oily
Catatelism is imperial
Drive lifting
Psatirella gray-brown
Psatirella chestnut
Rawdock is golden
Hygropher is blushing
Beloshampynion is redplastic
The raw is blue
Bulavoid fox
Mokrukh felt
Melanoleuka’s straightup
Gigrofor early
Hygroforin is yellowish-white
Cistoderm is red
Oil is painted
Melanoleuka is striponous
The raincoat is black-owned
Ezhovik alpine
Bellini’s oily
Melanoleuka shortbacked
Gigroocybe Puntsovaya
Rawdock is Turkish
Lemon oyster mushroom
Schampignon of the essay
Gigrofor Lugovoi
Smorshok is semifree
Steam champignon
Catatelism swollen
Kserula swollen
Gigrofor is golden
The raincoat is cloud
Truffle black winter
The garlic is large
Gigrofor is poetic
Hygropher is snowy white
Supervisor gymnopus
The horn is truncated
The champignon is semifed
Truffel White March
Milk Myzena
Hepinius is gelwelloid
Nonninnik is spherical
Gymnopus yellowplastic
The raincoat is yellowpainted
Truffle African
Belosvinuha is tricolor
Flocullaria of Ricken
Flocullaria straw-yellow
Liophillum Simedi
The redhead is halfred
The oyster mushroom is covered
Filloporerus is pink-golden
Conrad umbrella
Gigrofor Person
Chaga is birch
Conclusion
Search for mushrooms is not just a hobby, but a whole science. Mushrooms can be collected for yourself, or for sale. Of these, you can cook various dishes, since most species are suitable for cooking, frying, salting, marinings and drying. These are nutritious and useful ingredients that can diversify the prescription list.
Almost all “favorable” species differ in the presence of tubular fabric under hats or plates. So they got their names: plate or tubular. During mushroom hunting, the mushroom pickered, first of all, looks at the location of the plates, the method of attaching the hats to the legs, the color of the dispute. The presence of volva and rings, which are the result of ripening, is also checked.
On the cut, almost all types acquire a different color. So that, by chance, it is recommended not to disrupt the inedible mushroom to know what color the pulp acquires on the slice of a particular mushroom. You can also distinguish mushrooms by area, aroma, shades and types of hats.
On our site you will get acquainted with the characteristics of the species and you can understand how to correctly identify mushrooms. This section shows an exhaustive list of “good” mushrooms that are suitable for consumption. Having studied their features and similar inedible species, you can easily distinguish between them and the possibility of poisoning will not be relevant.
