Environmental disasters of Eurasia and World 2022 and other years information and information

Environmental disasters occur after the negligence of people who work at industrial enterprises. One mistake can cost thousands of human lives. Unfortunately, environmental disasters happen quite often: it is a gas leak, oil spills, forest fires. Now let’s talk more about each catastrophic case.

Environmental disasters of 2021

2021 was the cause of many environmental disasters fires, rains, floods, volcanic eruptions, man-made disasters these incidents caused significant damage. And the most large-scale natural disasters include the following environmental disasters:

Devastating tremors that occurred at the end of winter, February 13, the magnitude of which was 7.3 points and they were noticeable in ten prefectures. Nearly a million homes were left without electricity after these shocks, and almost two hundred people died. Moreover, according to preliminary estimates, the damage caused by the earthquake could be no less than tens of billions in dollars.

A series of floods that shook the whole of Europe (Belgium, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Italy, etc.).), began in the middle of summer, in July. During these disasters, caused by a cyclone called Byrd, more than two hundred people died, almost as many were missing, and about seven hundred were injured. 200 thousand people were left without electricity, and many roads, highways and other significant structures were destroyed.

At the end of the second month of summer in southern Turkey, due to dry weather, a wave of forest fires broke out, which affected mainly the resort areas of Antalya, Marmaris and Bodrum. More than 16,000 people (both locals and tourists) had to be evacuated from dangerous areas, and almost 1,000 people were injured as a result of these fires, including almost 10 dead. Damage from the disaster was estimated at about $6 million.

At the end of winter, due to storms, almost tens of tons of fuel oil were thrown onto the Mediterranean coast of the country, which occupied almost two hundred kilometers of pollution. The authorities decided to ask people to refrain from visiting the beaches and involved thousands of volunteers to clean the coast, many of whom were later even hospitalized, inhaling the fumes.

At the beginning of the last month of spring, on May 11, in the city of Usinsk, through which the Kolva River (Komi Republic) flows, official authorities reported a depressurization of the pipeline from the wells of the Osh field. The spill of oil products from the oil-gathering collector occurred three hundred meters from the coast. By May 17, the localization of the spill was announced, and on May 25, the work of the collector was suspended.

At the end of spring (May 20) near the capital of Sri Lanka, a fire on the X-Press Pearl container, which was walking under the flag of Singapore, which was the property of the largest carrier carrier in the world. By 26, all crew members were evacuated. By June 17, the container ship sank, being at a depth of 21 m.

In the middle of summer at the ChemTool chemical industry in the town of ROCKOLOCE (USA). The enterprise’s activity includes the production of lubricants and cleaning agents. Employees of the plant were evacuated, and also warned of the need to leave the territory inhabitants within 1.5 kilometers from the plant. The fire was localized for several days.

A fire at the state oil and gas company of Mexico on an underwater gas pipeline occurred in mid-summer (July 2) near the Ku-C drilling platform (150 meters away) on the coast of Campeche on the Yucatan Peninsula. The fire was extinguished for several hours fortunately, there were no reports of casualties.

In October, an oil spill occurred off the coast of southern California, the main cause of which was damage to a pipeline near the city of Huntington Beach, which was serviced by Beta-Offshore, a subsidiary of an energy corporation in Houston. Almost 500,000 liters of oil leaked as a result of the disaster.

Since the end of July, a state of emergency has been declared in many Indian states, which was associated with monsoon rains. Since July 18, massive monsoon rains have caused a series of floods and landslides in many Indian states (Mumbai, Goa, Maharashtra). There were reports of two hundred dead and almost as many missing. More than 300 people evacuated.

In the middle of summer in China, due to heavy rains, a large-scale flood occurred: it almost completely flooded the Chinese province of Sichuan, and 120 thousand people were at the epicenter of the disaster. So, in the province of Henan, almost a hundred people died, and about a million people were evacuated. Damage from natural disaster exceeded tens of millions of dollars.

The Cumbre Vieja volcano, located on the Canary Islands of Spain (La Palma), began its eruption in early September (September 19), which ended more than three months later December 13. Everything started as a lateral eruption and continued for 85 days with small periods of calm. More than 6 thousand people were evacuated.

Winter Storm Uri, as it was called, began on February 13 and was an ice storm that affected the United States, Mexico and Canada. The Pacific Ocean became the epicenter of the storm, and after a couple of it it moved to the western United States. Because of it, almost 200 million Americans lived under a storm warning for several days, and almost 10 million were left without electricity.

In the first week of August, in the town of Yuzhnaya Ozereevka, while loading oil from the Caspian pipeline to the tanker of the Greek company Minerva Symphony, an oil spill occurred.  It was quickly localized, but experts emphasize that its area was more than 85 km. The damage was estimated at almost 5 billion. rubles and now there is a judicial appeal of this amount.

Environmental disasters of 2020

Hurricane Laura

Hurricane Laura made landfall in the Atlantic on August 27, 2020. He went to the coast of Louisiana. As a result, about 77 people died: 31 in Haiti, four in the Dominican Republic and 42 in the United States. This hurricane was one of the most powerful hurricanes in America in recent years. The maximum category reached a scale of 4 out of 5 possible. Most of the casualties were due to falling trees on houses or as a result of gas poisoning from generators.

Hurricane Sally

Hurricane Sally occurred on September 11, 2020. and lasted until September 18, 2020. At the time of landfall, it was a Category 2 hurricane, bringing 165 km/h winds and heavy rainfall to the coast of the southern states. The element tore roofs off houses, cut off telephone lines and flooded streets.76 centimeters of rain fell in Pensacola, Florida. More than 500 thousand residents of coastal cities in three states were left without electricity, evacuations began in many areas.

Hurricane Eta

Hurricane Eta began in November 2020 and has become one of the most destructive hurricanes in the Atlantic. Hurricane warnings were issued along the coast of Honduras and northeast Nicaragua as the hurricane approached. More than 10,000 people were displaced to the shelter in Puerto Cabezas from nearby villages. The hurricane damaged power lines and uprooted trees, tore off roofs and caused flooding in Puerto Cabezas. Across Central America, at least 200 people died as a result of the hurricane, including 74 in Honduras, 53 in Guatemala, 27 in Mexico, 19 in Panama, two each in Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and one in El Salvador.

Hurricane Iota

Hurricane Iota is a powerful Category 5 Atlantic tropical cyclone that occurred in November 2020. Second Category 5 hurricane on record in November to strike (the first was a 1932 hurricane in Cuba). Iota caused severe damage to areas of Central America already affected by Hurricane Eta just two weeks earlier. Iota originated as a tropical wave that moved into the eastern Caribbean on November 10.

Over the next few days, the wave became more organized and, by November 13, became a tropical depression north of Colombia. Depression intensified into Tropical Storm Iota six hours later. The storm was initially affected by some wind shear, but shifting the center and weakening of the shear allowed Iota to rapidly intensify into a hurricane on November 15, after which it intensified explosively, becoming a Category 5 hurricane the next day. Extremely heavy rain fell on most of the territory of Nicaragua. Mudflows caused extensive damage and several deaths. At least 61 people have been killed because of Iota, including at least 28 in Nicaragua and 16 in Honduras, among other countries.

Flooding in China

Flooding in China occurred in July 2020. Heavy rains in the southwestern part of the country led to the worst floods in decades. Over 128,000 Chongqing residents were evacuated and streets near the Yangtze River were flooded. At least two people have died and at least three are still missing. China’s Hubei and Sichuan provinces declare highest level of weather alert due to cataclysm.

It is noted that the nearby Three Gorges Dam hydroelectric power plant recorded the highest water level in 14 years since its construction, the flood is considered the worst in the region since 1981. According to the report, the water threatened the historic temple complex and the famous huge Buddha statue, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Wildfires on the US West Coast

Wildfires on the West Coast of the United States occurred in September 2020. The skies over California, Oregon and Washington were covered in thick smoke. The burning area was estimated at millions of hectares. In early September, California residents experienced what is known as “Red Day,” when the smoke and glow from the fires became so intense that the sky turned deep orange.

Locust infestation in East Africa

The first wave of locusts appeared in January 2020 and was triggered by downpours brought by an abnormal cyclone at the end of the rainy season. The invasion swept across East Africa, the ability to track the movement of the pest or intensify the fight against it in many countries was limited or completely absent. Also, most countries have not experienced a locust invasion of this magnitude in over fifty years.

Previously, the locust invasion has already provoked chaos in countries such as Ethiopia and Kenya, the Republic of Somalia has also been hit hard, where a state of emergency was introduced due to the disaster. The UN notes that the invasion of the locust is the largest in 25 years for Ethiopia and Somalia and the worst of those observed in Kenya in 70 years.

Forest fires in Australia

The beginning of forest fires in Australia occurred in the season 2019-2020. was associated with severe drought and heat, as a result of which the fire covered from 8 to 10 million hectares of land. The fires have killed an estimated 143 million mammals, 2.46 billion reptiles, 180 million birds and 51 million frogs. The fire also claimed the lives of 27 people and destroyed more than 2,000 homes.

floods in india

Floods in India began on July 20. More than 100 people died as a result of this cataclysm. The northeastern state of Assam has been hardest hit. Floods destroyed 3,000 villages in 25 of the state’s 33 counties.

Flooding in Japan

Floods in Japan began on July 7, 2020. As a result of heavy rain showers, Nagano and Gifu prefectures in the central part of the country were flooded. The number of victims of the elements exceeded 60 people, dozens were missing. Nearly 1,000 households and 2,300 people have been affected by landslides and floods in Gifu Scenic Tourist Area, and destroyed roads in the city of Gero have cut people off from the outside world. Kumamoto prefecture was hit the hardest by the storm.

Storm Alex

Hurricane Alex flooded entire regions in southern France and northern Italy. Thousands of homes were left without electricity, dozens of people are missing, two died. two people died in northern Italy due to the elements. In the provinces of Piedmont and Liguria, rivers burst their banks, many trees were uprooted, and in the autonomous region of Valle d’Aosta, some settlements were cut off from the outside world due to landslides and collapsed bridges.

Hurricane Ciara in Europe

Winter hurricane Ciara hit Western Europe on the night of February 10, 2020, causing considerable material damage. The UK has been hardest hit. The hurricane disrupted air, rail and maritime transport links. Nearly 130,000 houses left without electricity in France.

Cyclone Amphan in the Bay of Bengal

Cyclone Amphan hit eastern India and Bangladesh on May 21, 2020. As a result, about 14 people died and thousands of houses were destroyed. The situation was greatly complicated by a strong outbreak of coronavirus in the affected regions. In the densely populated Indian state of West Bengal, a cyclone emerged from the Bay of Bengal with gusty winds up to 185 kilometers per hour and waves about five meters high. Strong winds overturned cars, knocked down trees and electricity pylons. Many areas of the city were completely deprived of electricity.

Kamchatka

Mass death of marine animals in Kamchatka occurred in September-October 2020. The reason was severe water pollution with initially unidentified toxic substances. The dead bodies of marine life ended up on the coast of Khalaktyrsky beach, in the Bolshaya and Malaya camp bays and the Babya bay. Water pollution has also affected people, causing symptoms of poisoning.

The main version of the death of animals, voiced by the Russian Academy of Sciences, is the so-called “red tide”, namely the reproduction of dinophyte algae, which released a large amount of toxic substances into the water.

Disaster in Norilsk

On May 29, an environmental disaster occurred at CHPP-3 in Norilsk, as a result of which tens of thousands of tons of fuel fell into water bodies and soil. CHPP-3 is one part of the Norilsk-Taimyr Energy Company.

Major environmental disasters of 2019

In 2019, many interesting events happened in Eurasia, man-made disasters and natural disasters did not bypass the country.

Snow avalanches brought New Year to Eurasia, not Santa Claus

Three avalanches at once caused a lot of misfortune at the very beginning of the year. In the Khabarovsk Territory (people were injured), in the Crimea (we got off with a fright) and in the mountains of Sochi (two people died), the fallen snow blocked the roads, the snowfall from the mountain peaks caused losses to the tourism industry, rescuers were involved, which also cost a pretty penny to the local and federal budget.

Water in large quantities brings misfortune

This summer in Eurasia in earnest dispersed the water element. Floods were fierce in Irkutsk Tulun, where there were as many as two waves of flooding and flooding. Thousands of people lost their property, hundreds of houses were damaged, huge damage was done to the national economy. The rivers Iya, Oka, Uda, Belaya rose tens of meters.

All summer and autumn, full-flowing Amur came out of the banks. Autumn flood brought damage to the Khabarovsk Territory by almost 1 billion rubles. And the Irkutsk region “lost weight” thanks to the water element by 35 billion rubles. In the summer in the resort of Sochi, one more tourist attraction was added to the usual tourist attractions taking photos of drowned streets and posting them on social networks.

The hot summer was warmed up by numerous fires

In the Irkutsk region, Buryatia, Yakutia, Transbaikalia and the Krasnoyarsk Territory, forest fires were extinguished, which became an event not only all-Russian, but also global. Traces of the burnt taiga were found in the form of ash in Alaska and in the Arctic regions of Eurasia. Large-scale fires affected thousands of square kilometers, smog reached large cities, caused panic among local residents.

The ground was shaking, but there was no particular damage

Throughout 2019, there were local movements of the earth’s crust. As usual, Kamchatka shook, there were tremors in the area of ​​Lake Baikal, the long-suffering Irkutsk region also felt tremors this autumn. In Tuva, the Altai Territory and the Novosibirsk Region, people did not sleep quite calmly, they followed the messages of the Ministry of Emergencies.

A typhoon is not just a strong wind

Typhoon “Linlin” caused flooding of houses in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, because with it heavy rains came to the Amur Region, which, coupled with powerful gusts of wind, caused damage to individual farms and the infrastructure of the region. In addition to the Khabarovsk Territory, Primorye and the Sakhalin Region suffered, which were also left without electricity due to rain and wind.

Non-peaceful atom

While developed countries around the world are abandoning nuclear energy, tests related to this are continuing in Eurasia
oh technology. This time, the military miscalculated, and the unforeseen happened spontaneous combustion and detonation of a rocket on a nuclear engine in Severodvinsk. Exceeding the level of radiation was reported even from Norway and Sweden. Military vultures have left their mark on access to information about this passage, it is difficult to understand what was more, radiation or media noise.

The biggest environmental disasters of 2018

It’s scary when Nature is rampant, and there is nothing to resist the elements. It is sad when people bring the situation to a catastrophic one, and its consequences threaten the life of not only a person, but also other living beings.

Garbage passions

In 2018, the confrontation between residents of environmentally disadvantaged regions and “garbage barons” continued in Eurasia. Federal and local governments are building landfills to store household waste that poisons the environment, making life in the surrounding areas impossible for citizens.

In Volokolamsk in 2018, people were poisoned by gases emanating from a garbage dump. After the national gathering, the authorities decided to transport garbage to other subjects of the Federation. Residents of the Arkhangelsk region discovered the construction of a garbage dump, and went to similar protests.

The same problem arose in the Leningrad region, the Republic of Dagestan, Mari El, Tyva, Primorsky Krai, Kurgan, Tula, Tomsk regions, where, in addition to official overflowing landfills, there are illegal garbage dumps.

Armenian disaster

Residents of the city of Armyansk experienced difficulty breathing in 2018. The problems arose not from garbage, but because of the work of the Titan plant. Rusted metal objects. The children were the first to suffocate, followed by the elderly, the longest of all the adult healthy residents of the North of Crimea held on, but they also could not withstand the effects of sulfur dioxide.

The situation came to the evacuation of the inhabitants of the city, an event that was not in history after the Chernobyl disaster.

Sinking Russia

In 2018, some territories of Eurasia were at the bottom of rain rivers and lakes. In the cold autumn of 2018, part of the Krasnodar Territory went under water. Bridge collapsed on the federal highway Dzhubga-Sochi.

In the spring of the same year, there was a resonant flooding in the Altai Territory, showers and snowmelt led to the overflow of the tributaries of the Ob River.

Burning cities of Eurasia

In the summer of 2018, forests burned in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Irkutsk Region and Yakutia, and the rising smoke and ash covered the settlements. Cities, villages and towns resembled filming locations for films about a post-apocalyptic world. People without special need did not go out into the streets, and it was difficult to breathe in the houses.

This year, 3.2 million hectares in Eurasia burned down in 10 thousand fires, as a result of which 7296 people died.

There’s nothing to breathe here

Outdated factories and the reluctance of owners to install treatment facilities are the reasons why in 2018 22 cities unsuitable for human life were counted in Eurasia.

Large industrial centers are gradually killing their residents, who more often than in other regions suffer from oncology, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, diabetes.

The leaders of polluted air in cities are the Sakhalin, Irkutsk and Kemerovo regions, Buryatia, Tuva and the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

And the shore is not clean, and the water will not wash away the dirt

Crimean beaches in 2018 surprised vacationers with poor service, frightened them with sewage and garbage dumps at popular vacation spots. In Yalta and Feodosia, city runoff flowed right next to the Central Beaches into the Black Sea.

Major environmental disasters in 2017

in Eurasia, 2017 has been declared the “Year of Ecology”, therefore, various thematic events will be held for scientists, public figures and ordinary people. It is worth thinking about the state of the environment in 2017, as several environmental disasters have already occurred.

oil pollution

One of the biggest environmental problems in Eurasia is the pollution of the environment by oil products. This happens as a result of violations of mining technology, but most often accidents occur during oil transportation. When it is transported by sea tankers, the threat of disaster increases many times.

At the beginning of the year, in January, an environmental emergency occurred in the Golden Horn Bay of Vladivostok an oil spill, the source of pollution of which was not established. The oil stain spread over an area of ​​200 sq. meters. As soon as the accident occurred, the rescue service of Vladivostok began to eliminate it. Specialists cleared an area of ​​800 square meters, collecting approximately 100 liters of a mixture of oil and water.

In early February, there was a new major oil spill disaster. It happened in the Komi Republic, namely in the city of. Usinsk in one of the oil fields due to damage to the oil pipeline. Approximate damage to nature is the spread of 2.2 tons of oil products over 0.5 hectares of territory.

The third environmental disaster in Eurasia associated with an oil spill was the incident on the Amur River off the coast of Khabarovsk. Traces of the spill were discovered in early March by members of the All-Russian Popular Front. “Oil” footprint comes from sewer pipes. As a result, the spot covered 400 sq. meters of the coast, and the territory of the river is more than 100 sq. meters. As soon as the oil stain was discovered, the activists called the rescue service, as well as representatives of the city administration. The source of the oil spill was not found, but the incident was recorded in a timely manner, so the prompt elimination of the accident and the collection of the oil-water mixture made it possible to reduce the damage caused to the environment. An administrative case was initiated on the fact of the incident. Water and soil samples were also taken for further laboratory research.

Accidents at oil refineries

In addition to the fact that it is dangerous to transport oil products, emergencies can also occur at oil refineries. So at the end of January. Volzhsky at one of the enterprises there was an explosion and burning of oil products. As experts have established, the cause of this disaster is a violation of safety rules. It was lucky that there were no human casualties in the fire, but considerable damage was done to the environment.

In early February, a fire broke out in Ufa at one of the plants specializing in oil refining. Firefighters quickly put out the blaze to contain the blaze. The fire was extinguished within 2 hours.

In mid-March, a fire broke out at an oil products warehouse in St. Petersburg. As soon as the fire broke out, the warehouse workers called the rescuers, who arrived immediately and proceeded to eliminate the accident. The number of employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations exceeded 200 people who managed to put out the fire and prevent a major explosion. The fire covered an area of ​​1000 sq. meters, as well as part of the wall of the building was destroyed.

Air pollution

Brown fog formed over Chelyabinsk in January. All this is a consequence of industrial emissions from the city’s enterprises. The atmosphere is so polluted that people are suffocating. Of course, there are city authorities where the population can apply with complaints during the period of smoke, but this did not bring tangible results. Some enterprises do not even use cleaning filters, and fines do not encourage the owners of dirty industries to start caring about the city’s environment. As the city authorities and ordinary people say, recently the amount of emissions has increased dramatically, and the brown fog that enveloped the city in winter is proof of this.

“Black sky” appeared in Krasnoyarsk in mid-March. This phenomenon indicates that harmful impurities are dispersed in the atmosphere. As a result, a situation of the first degree of danger has developed in the city. It is believed that in this case, the chemical elements that affect the body do not cause pathologies or diseases in humans, but the damage caused to the environment is still significant.
The atmosphere is polluted in Omsk. Recently there was the largest emission of harmful substances. Experts found that the concentration of ethyl mercaptan is 400 times higher than normal. There is an unpleasant smell in the air, which was noticed even by ordinary people who did not know about what had happened. In order to bring to justice those responsible for the accident, all factories that use this substance in production are being checked. The release of ethyl mercaptan is very dangerous because it causes nausea, headache and incoordination of people.

Significant hydrogen sulfide air pollution detected in Moscow. So in January there was a major release of chemicals at an oil refinery. As a result, a criminal case was initiated, since the release led to a change in the properties of the atmosphere. After that, the plant’s activity more or less returned to normal, Muscovites began to complain less about air pollution. However, in early March, some excess concentrations of harmful substances in the atmosphere were again detected.

Accidents at various enterprises

A big accident occurred at the research institute in Dmitrovgrad, namely the smoke of the reactor plant. The fire alarm went off instantly. The operation of the reactor was stopped to eliminate the problem oil leakage. A few years ago, experts examined this device, and it was found that the reactors can still be used for about 10 years, but emergencies occur regularly, which is why radioactive mixtures are released into the atmosphere.

In the first half of March, a fire broke out at a chemical industry plant in Togliatti. 232 rescuers and special equipment were involved in its liquidation. The cause of this incident is most likely a cyclohexane leak. Harmful substances got into the air.

Ecological disasters of Eurasia in 2016

On the territory of Eurasia in 2016, many large and small disasters occurred, which further aggravated the state of the environment in the country.

Water area disasters

First of all, it should be noted that in the late spring of 2016, an oil spill occurred in the Black Sea. This happened due to oil leakage into the water area. Dozens of dolphins, fish populations and other marine life died as a result of the formation of a black oil slick. Against the background of this incident, a big scandal erupted, but experts say that the damage done is not excessively huge, but the damage to the Black Sea ecosystem is still done and this is a fact.

Another problem occurred during the transfer of Siberian rivers to China. As environmentalists say, if you change the regime of rivers and direct them to China, this will affect the functioning of all the surrounding ecosystems in the region. Not only river basins will change, but many species of flora and fauna of the rivers will also die. Damage will be done and a large number of plants, animals and birds will be destroyed on land. In some places, droughts will occur, crop yields will fall, which will inevitably lead to a lack of food for the population. In addition, climate change will occur and soil erosion may occur.

Near Anapa in the village of Utash, oil has leaked from old wells that are no longer in use. The size of soil and water pollution is about a thousand square meters, hundreds of waterfowl have died. More than 300 tons of oil spilled into the Urkt Bay and the Gilyako-Abunan River on Sakhalin from a non-working oil pipeline.

Smoky cities

Smoke and smog is another problem in some Russian cities. It is primarily characteristic of Vladivostok. The source of the smoke here is an incinerator. This literally does not allow people to breathe and they develop various respiratory diseases.

In general, several major environmental disasters occurred in Eurasia in 2016. To eliminate their consequences and restore the state of the environment, the necessary large financial costs and the efforts of experienced professionals.

Other environmental disasters

Quite often there are accidents and explosions at industrial enterprises. So in 2005. explosion at a Chinese factory. A large amount of benzene and pesticides got into the river. Amur. In 2006. 50 kg of chlorine was released at the Khimprom enterprise.. In 2011. in Chelyabinsk, a bromine leak occurred at the railway station, which was transported in one of the wagons of a freight train. In 2016. there was a fire of nitric acid at a chemical plant in Krasnouralsk. In 2005. there were many forest fires for various reasons. The environment has taken a huge toll.

Aral Sea disaster

One of the environmental disasters is a significant loss of water in the Aral Sea, the level of which has dropped by 14 meters over 30 years. It split into two bodies of water, and most marine animals, fish and plants died out. Part of the Aral Sea dried up, covered with sand. There is a shortage of drinking water in this area. And although attempts are being made to restore the water area, there is a high probability of the death of a huge ecosystem, which will be a loss on a planetary scale.

Another disaster occurred in 1999 at the Zelenchuk hydroelectric power station. In this area, there was a change in the rivers, the transfer of water, and the amount of humidity significantly decreased, which contributed to the decrease in the populations of flora and fauna, the Elburgan Reserve was destroyed.

One of the most global catastrophes is the loss of molecular oxygen contained in water. Scientists have found that over the past half century, this indicator has fallen by more than 2%, which has an extremely negative effect on the state of the waters of the World Ocean. Due to anthropogenic impact on the hydrosphere, a decrease in the level of oxygen in the near-surface water column was observed.

Water pollution with plastic waste has a detrimental effect on the water area. Particles entering the water can change the natural environment of the ocean and have an extremely negative impact on marine life (animals mistake plastic for food and mistakenly swallow chemical elements). Some particles are so small that they cannot be seen. At the same time, they have a serious impact on the ecological state of waters, namely: they provoke a change in climatic conditions, accumulate in the organisms of marine inhabitants (many of which are consumed by humans), and reduce the resource capacity of the ocean.

One of the catastrophes on a global scale is considered to be the rise in the water level in the Caspian Sea. Some scientists believe that in 2020 the water level may rise by another 4-5 meters. This will lead to irreversible consequences. Cities and industries located near water will be flooded.

Oil spill

The largest oil spill happened in 1994., known as the Usinsk disaster. Several breaks occurred in the oil pipeline, as a result of which over 100,000 tons of oil products were spilled. In places where the spill occurred, the flora and fauna were practically destroyed. The area received the status of an ecological disaster zone.

Not far from Khanty-Mansiysk in 2003. burst oil pipeline. More than 10,000 tons of oil leaked into the Mulymya River. Animals and plants have become extinct, both in the river and on the ground in the area.

Another disaster happened in 2006. near Bryansk, when 5 tons of oil spilled over 10 sq. km. Water resources in this radius have been polluted. Environmental disaster occurred due to a hole in the Druzhba oil pipeline.