The name fiber (Lat: Inocybe) went due to the characteristic fibrous texture of the legs of these mushrooms. Literally all varieties of this family are extremely dangerous and poisonous, due to a high dose of such poison as muscarin. The concentration of muscarin in fibers is higher than that of all fly agaric. These mushrooms are noteworthy and the presence of psilobicin, which has a hallucinogenic effect.
Types of fibers
Fibrons mushrooms have more than 150 varieties that grow in forests. Approximately 100 types are growing on the territory of Eurasia. Consider the main ones:
Earth fiber
The mushroom spread on the territory of the European range of Eurasia and the Caucasus. It is also found in East Asia, North America, Western Europe.
The toxicity of this representative is due to the high content of muscarin. The mushroom itself is presented in mind the hats and legs. The hat grows no more than 3 centimeters in diameter. In young mushrooms, the shape of the hat is conical, which is then straightened. A dark tubercle is located in the center of the hat. Hat texture fibrous and silky to the touch. The color of the skin of the hat in young mushrooms is white, which acquires a purple or yellow hue with the age of the mushroom. The size of the legs varies from 2 to 5 centimeters with a thickness of not more than half a centimeter. The structure is dense, but with age it becomes a hollow. Form shape straight without any thickening. The leg is covered with a characteristic plaque. The color changes from white to brown. The pulp has an earthy smell and an unpleasant taste.
The fiber is acute
You can meet this representative of fibers in Eastern Siberia and Europe. Prefers to grow in swampy areas or peat bogs. Extremely poisonous mushroom.
Hat of the fiber of acute reaches no more than 3.5 centimeters in diameter. Endowed with a bellshaped shape, which acquires a flat look with the age of the mushroom. A characteristic hillock is located in the center of the hat. Skin color is mainly brown. The leg varies from 2 to 4 centimeters in height with a width of not more than 0.5 centimeters. The form is cylindrical. The leg is brown in brown with a characteristic powdery. The pulp is painted white, on the cut, the shade does not change.
Patuyara fiber
A deadly type of fiber. The most common in the Caucasus, as well as in some regions of Europe and Asia. It is found in parks and gardens, as well as in deciduous and mixed forests. Grows, as a rule, on lime and clay soils. Can form mycorrhizes with linden and beech.
The appearance of the Patuyara fiber is represented by a hat and a leg. The color of the hat is white, but gray views are also found. Ripened mushrooms change color to red or brown. The diameter of the hat varies in the range from 3 to 9 centimeters. The shape of young mushrooms is canonical, mature flat. A small tubercle is located in the center. The texture of the hat is silky. The mushroom leg varies from 4 to 10 centimeters in height with a width of not more than 1.5 centimeters. The color is similar to the hat, differs only in lighter shades. The shape of the legs is cylindrical with a thickening to the base. The pulp has no special smell, but is distinguished by a pepper taste. The color of the pulp is white, but on the cut, the color acquires a red tint.
The fiber is blushing
This species spread in many coniferous and deciduous forests. 10 grams of this mushroom is enough to get extremely dangerous departure by poisons.
The diameter of the hat varies from 6 to 9 centimeters. Bell shape, which is then aligned with an increase in the age of the mushroom. A characteristic hill is located in the center. The skin of the hat is painted white, which then acquires a red or yellow tint. The leg reaches a height up to 7 centimeters with a thickness of 0.5 centimeters. The texture is dense. The color is similar to the hat.
The fiber is whitening
A rather rare type of fiber that is found in pine or coniferous forests of Kazakhstan. Grows, as a rule, in large groups. Poison.
The appearance is represented by a hat and a leg. A hat with a diameter in the range from 1.5 to 6 centimeters. Conical or convex shape. A whitish tubercle is located in the center. The leg can reach a height of 3 to 10 centimeters with a thickness of not more than 0.7 centimeters. The form is cylindrical. White color with pink tint. Covered with characteristic powdery. White mushroom pulp with fragile texture. Smile and smell pleasant.
general description
All representatives of the type of fibers are represented by hacking bodies. The shape of the hats is divided into conical and bellshaped. In the center of the hat of most species is a small hill in the form of a tubercle. The surface is fibrous and smooth to the touch. Some species can have small flakes on a hat. The leg is characterized by a silky texture. Flakes can also be on the skin of the legs. Color varies from white to brown.
Characteristic differences
In order to confuse edible mushroom with toxic fibers, it is necessary to remember a number of signs:
- Young fibers have a coneshaped hat, in adults it takes on the shape of a bell or becomes flat. Everyone has a pronounced tubercle in the center;
- Colors can vary. Most often, yellow-brown, dirty yellow and pale gray hats are found;
- The pulp can be visible;
- The edges are torn, in some species they can have a scaly texture;
- A fibrous leg in the shape of a cylinder with an extension to the base.
It is important to be very attentive in order not to accidentally take a fiber with you. Poisoning with these varieties of mushrooms is extremely dangerous.
