One of the most common forward amphibians is a green toad or a green European toad. Animals are perfectly adapted to a variety of habitats, whether it is a small settlement or metropolis. You can also find a representative of amphibians in the forest, steppes, semidesert and desert. The green toad is looking for dry, illuminated places, leads a ground lifestyle. Most often you can meet the animal in Siberia, Europe, Africa and Central Asia. Hardwaist amphibians are inventive: the representative of the forwards loves to hunt at night on the illuminated streets.
general characteristics
Green toads do not grow large. The length of their body reaches 9 cm. Animals have a tubercular, dry skin, as well as glands in the form of rollers, which are located on the sides of the head. With their help, the amphibian defends from enemies, as it distinguishes the toxic substance. Green toads have a light gray-olive color, against which red dots or dark green spots can be seen.
Toads are able to easily tolerate heat, it is comfortable to be at a temperature of +33 degrees. Animals actively evaporate moisture, which does not allow overheating.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Active period for a green toad is the night. Favorable places for placement are dry territories. Males prefer to be on dark objects so as not to attract attention. Hardly animals lead a ground lifestyle, hibernated at a temperature of +7 degrees. Comfortable places for shelter are the burrows of rodents, holes, areas under the stones, loose earth. Wintering green toads passes in one, sometimes individuals are grouped in four. The duration of the hibernation can be 185 days.
Food period in toads falls on at night. A sedentary language that is slightly falling on its side, makes it difficult for the animals to get the desired prey. There are spidershaped, ants, earwovers, caterpillars, bugs, bugs, larvae of flies in the diet of the writhstine.
Features of reproduction
Green toads begin to reproduce immediately after hibernation. When water warms up to 12 degrees (April-May month), adults begin to mate. An ideal place for fertilization is the swamp, lake, pond, ditch, reservoir and even puddle. Male individual captures the female and presses it to her stomach. The chosen one lays caviar in the form of a cord, where eggs are located in two rows. Future offspring is black, the number of kids can reach 12,800 pcs. After laying off the caviar, which is carried out near the coast, the female leaves the reservoir.
In some cases, the future offspring is guarded by the male. The incubation period lasts from 3 to 5 days. First, sedentary larvae appear, which, after a short period of time, become frisky and lively, with excellent appetite. The ripening period lasts several months. Individuals reach puberty aged 2 to 4 years.
The main enemies
Among the enemies of the life of the green toad are storks, grayhaired, red kite. In order to somehow scare away the enemy, the animal distinguishes a specific smell and makes frightening sounds. If the birds can “frighten” this tactic, then it does not work at all on the snakes.
Young animals are in danger from chickens, ducks and starlings. The larvae of dragonflies and beetles of other families also eat tadpoles. Green toads can become prey for badgers, minks and otters.
The average duration of the forwards is 10 years.
