Medical waste disposal Rules for the collection, storage and methods of disposal

Medical waste includes preparations with an expired shelf life, residues from potions and tablets, packaging material, gloves, infected catering units, dressing materials. All these waste is formed from the activities of research laboratories, forensic institutions, hospitals, in veterinary clinics.

In developed countries, this type of waste is destroyed by high temperatures, in Eurasia, this type of waste is discarded to common city landfills with garbage, this significantly increases the risk of infection and the spread of infection.

Medical waste disposal Rules for the collection, storage and methods of disposal

In each institution there is a special instructions for collecting utilities with safety rules. Legislation involves a license for organizations that are engaged in the disposal of medical garbage. License have the right to issue special sanitary and epidemiological departments.

Content

Solving the problem of waste disposal
Collection and processing of medical waste
Waste collection requirements
Waste storage tanks
Disinfection of raw materials and ways to eliminate it
Disposal of medical equipment

Solving the problem of waste disposal

Medical waste, regardless of their variety, can cause significant harm to human health, harm the ecosystem and its inhabitants. Suffering is divided into classes:

A nonhazardous;

B potentially dangerous;

B very dangerous;

G toxic;

D radioactive.

Each type of waste has its own disposal rules. All varieties except A class fall into the mandatory group of destruction. Many institutions neglect the rules of waste disposal and take them to a general landfill, which over time, under an adverse set of circumstances, can cause mass epidemics of infectious diseases.

The risk group includes people living near the landfill training grounds, as well as a group of people who serve landfills, animals, birds and insects can also act as carriers of infection.

The use of special equipment for the destruction of medical waste is very costly, the state saves on disposal.

Collection and processing of medical waste

The collection and processing of medical waste is engaged in special organizations that underwent a sanitary inspection and received a license for this type of activity. Such institutions conduct a special journal, in which data processing data are entered, each waste class has its own accounting form.

The process of disposal of raw materials has the following stages:

The organization to eliminate waste establishes garbage collection;

The remnants of waste are placed in a special storage, where they wait for the time of destruction;

All waste that pose a danger disinfect;

After a certain time, garbage is exported from the territory of this institution;

At the last stage, the waste is burned or buried at special training grounds.

The state of the ecosystem and its inhabitants will depend on the quality of liquidation of medical waste.

Waste collection requirements

SanPiN establishes the rules for collecting medical waste, if they are not respected, then after the next check for the organization will be a fine or a ban on this type of activity. Longterm waste storage is prohibited, as well as temporary storage without disinfecting procedures. Working space should be qualitatively disinfected. Packing of utillards with expired medicines in a bag of any color is allowed, except for yellow and red.

There are instructions for the collection of waste:

The collection of garbage A of the class can be carried out using disposable packages that are placed inside reusable tanks;

Garbs B class are preliminarily disinfected, the method is elected by the hospital independently, but this is a prerequisite, what remains after disinfection is placed in containers with increased moisture resistance, the lid should provide complete sealing;

Waste to class is disinfected by a chemical way, disposal occurs outside the hospital. For the collection, special packages or tanks are used, they have a special red marking. Stitching or cutting, beating waste is placed in special tight tanks;

Radioactive raw materials G of class are going to packages, you can store in a separate isolated room in which heating equipment should be absent.

Proper adherence to the instructions will protect from infection of employees who are collecting waste.

Waste storage tanks

The main requirements for the selection of correct equipment and waste collection are:

The tanks should consist of highquality moistureresistant material, with a dense lid, it will make it possible to fully seal waste;

Falfly waste should have a marking for poor waste: a white, b yellow, c red;

The bottom of the tank should contain special mounts for convenience when transporting cargo.

The volume of tanks can be different from 0.5 liters to 6 liters. There are several varieties of tank:

Universal tanks are intended for collecting class B items, it can be: medical instruments, organic waste;

General tanks for separate collection of medical waste with a dense lid, providing waste with tightness.

Much depends on the quality of the used equipment for transportation of waste, including the safety of the surrounding people who are in contact with tanks or packages.

Disinfection of raw materials and ways to eliminate it

The main requirements for the processing of hazardous medical waste include the inadmissibility of the reuse of tools, gloves, spoiled medicines, and highquality disinfection is also required, with its help the possibility of the spread of infection is excluded.

Medical waste processing includes:

mechanical processing, it consists in spoiling the appearance of the object, which is overdue, this will prevent its reuse. Methods of such processing can be: pressing, grinding, rubbish or crushing;

Chemical processing is used to waste that have high temperature stability and withstand moisture well, such waste cannot be sterilized with steam. This type of waste is affected by a special gas or they are soaked in solutions. The waste is prechopped, wet oxidation can be used;

Physical processing, it consists of autoclaving, burning or using radiation sterilization, less often electrothermal processing.

Waste liquidation can be carried out either by the hospital or the institution where medical equipment is required, and thirdparty organizations may be involved in the elimination of raw materials.

On the territory of the institution, only garbage that is not harmful to others can be liquidated. Waste that is dangerous requires a special approach and equipment, therefore, they are liquidated by special organizations.

Disposal of medical equipment

The SanPiN Rules say that thirdparty organizations are engaged in the liquidation of medical equipment that has a license for this type of activity. Medical tools and garbage that are not dangerous is eliminated in a medical institution in compliance with the established safety rules.

SanPiN has not just developed a technique to destroy medical garbage, if they are observed, then you can prevent the risk of infection of a large number of people and animals, protect the environment from pollution.