Mosquitoes types, nutrition and structure, description and meaning of mosquitoes, facts and enemies

What is a mosquito, and what is doing, everyone knows. Mosquitoes belong to small insects, up to 7 mm size. Mosquito belongs to the class of bloodsucking insects. They bite people, drink blood, thus cause a person many troubles.

Description

There are a large number of varieties of these insects that determine the habitat and methods of propagation. In nature, there are a number of dangerous species and absolutely harmless. As a rule, they are found in a wet and warm habitat.

Mosquitoes belong to the family longwinged insects. In their structure they have a subgroup, which are also divided into subspecies.

An important condition for the existence of all types of mosquitoes is the close location of the water. In arid areas, they cannot survive. The most optimal habitat-blast, rivers, lakes, characterized by raw soil and warm temperature. The number of mosquito populations is determined by the external conditions of existence. Dry terrain and frosts are fatal for mosquitoes.

Types of mosquitoes

Ordinary mosquito (squeak)

The most common look is precisely this type of mosquito. They do not differ in intelligibility, they can bite everyone who has come, and scary annoying. After the vinegar of a mosquito piskun, very bad consequences are observed, such as itching, burning and inflammation. The most subject to bites are children who can comb the place of bites, thereby strengthening unpleasant consequences.

An adult mosquito reaches a length of about 6-8 mm. Clothings are exclusively females, the nutrition of males make up plants. These individuals through a bite can transfer viral and infectious diseases to a person. Prefer a wet habitat.

Mosquito “Longterm”

Another names-frame. It is common in a humid environment, in swampy areas, forest thickets, green spaces near water.

Adult mosquito grows up to 5-8 cm. It is often confused with the socalled malaria mosquito, which is not true. Mosquito Longterm Komar is the largest of its relatives, however, it is harmless to man. It feeds on plant juices. Mosquito larvae harm agriculture, t.to. devour shoots in large volumes.

Malarial mosquitoes

Another name is anofeles. Very dangerous for humans, is able to transfer such diseases as malaria and plasmodium, as well as many parasites. Differs in small size, its main feature is the increased length of the hind legs. They live mainly near the reservoir, where they multiply by laying eggs in a humid environment.

Komar biting with two stripes

Lives everywhere, with the exception of Antarctica. A distinctive feature is a small size and white stripes on the limbs and throughout the body. Propagated by laying eggs in a marshy area. Tolerates deadly diseases.

Winter mosquitoes

Differ in large size, up to 3 cm, prefer to eat plants exposed. They do not suck blood, which means they do not tolerate diseases. Active throughout the year, including in winter. In frosty sunny weather, you can observe a flock of these mosquitoes. Live in a cave, mine, a hollow of a tree. Body length up to 15 18 mm.

Mosquito Lugovka

Representatives of this species are relatives of a mosquito-long.

The basis of the diet is the nectar of plants, human and animal blood. The sizes are identical to the sizes of ordinary mosquitoes. Live in a humid environment. Mosquito larva eat algae and other plants for food. It can be found in the meadow, in the field.

Mosquito Dergun

Has two names, dergun and bell. Makes a loud ringing, his front legs constantly twitch. These facts explain the lawfulness of both names.

Thick thickets of the reservoir its habitat. Feed on plants, do not suck blood. Color is so-brown, this individual is distinguished by the presence of long paws. The mosquito itself can be orange, gray or yellow, the color of the abdomen is green. They can live in packs. There are about 10 thousand. varieties living in Eurasia, Belarus, in Ukraine.

The mosquito is tiger

Lives in Asia and extremely dangerous. Transfer to a person malaria, typhoid, fever denge, zika virus. It can be found in a tropical area where there is no person. Outwardly differs in small size and black and white wings.

The female is almost twice as many male. Distinctive features dark color with white marks. Live in wet marshy forests. About 5 generations are displayed in the season.  Live from two weeks to one month. The female can withdraw two hundred eggs at a time.

Butterfly

This type of mosquito differs in a fluffy cover, long up to 2 cm. It cannot be found in Eurasia, its habitat is Transcaucasia, Central Asia, America. Very dangerous for humans, t.to. distribute fever, burdened with intestinal bleeding and high body temperature.

A mosquito-butterfly can climb into the hole to the rodents, it jumps perfectly. Like all varieties of mosquitoes, the male drinks nectar, and the female plasma. The larva sets in wet land, in the feces of the animal. Can be assembled by a large group. Distinctive color is gray.

Gallicians

There are up to 2 thousand varieties of such mosquitoes. This is a small, harmless creature, safe for humans. Unlike other species, they do not apply bites either to man or animal.

An adult lives about 72 hours.

A thickskinned mosquito

An adult does not drink blood, preferring nectar. However, the larva living in a pond can hunt for crustaceans and even cubs of insects. With the help of a proboscis, she kills her victim.

Habitat

Almost all mosquitoes prefer a warm moist environment, including tropics. However, the Arctic and Antarctica we will never meet them.

In India, Thailand, China and South America, the most dangerous individuals live for humans. To visit these countries, a tourist is recommended to be vaccinated.

A lot of mosquitoes can be found in Thailand. Malarial, tiger individuals and mosquitoes mainly live there. Before visiting the country, it is recommended to vaccinate.

The socalled “Crimean” mosquito lives in the Crimea, settles in the basements, is able to tolerate dangerous infections.

The most popular in the world is an ordinary mosquito. It can be found wherever a person lives, t.to. human plasma for him the main source of nutrients necessary for propagation.

Body structure

Mosquito the owner of a thin body, long thin legs, narrow wings and claws. Head, thoracic and abdomen present the basis of the body of the mosquito.

The breast department occupies an important place in the structure, including elements of the midsorted, frontline and posterior, it is the central organ of the insect.

The wing of the mosquito includes longitudinal and transverse veins framed. The rear edge of the wing is covered with a fringe. The sound of the wing of the wing is like its buzzing. When a mosquito waves his wings, a person hears a mosquito squeak.

The weight of the mosquito is determined by the amount of absorbed diet. The legs of mosquitoes are represented by a basin, vertluoga, hips, legs and paws. The head consists of an antenna and rotary apparatus. There are two lips in the mouth, lower and upper.

The difference between a female and a male

The diet of the female is blood, while males use water and nectars. Mosquito mosquito never drinks blood, preferring it to water and nectars. Blood to the female is necessary during the period of laying eggs. From it, it mines nutrients, protein and iron enzyme.

The difference between the female mosquito and a male

With the help of a special antenna, the female pierces the epithelium and drinks blood, on the likeness of a straw.  Such an antenna helps males when mating, thanks to it, the male feels and foresees the position of females.

Food

Female in order to lay eggs, feeds on blood. She needs blood as a building element of future offspring. Males prefer blood water and herbal nectar of burdock, blooming tansy, yarrow of broadleaved.

Mosquito chooses its diet depending on their habitat. Taxing Favorite delicacy of forest residents and inhabitants of the cottage. Fructose contained in the tansy, affects the body of the mosquito.

Some representatives of mosquitoes prefer the use of exoflore nectar and honey dew in food.

Life cycle

Mosquito develops through the passage of four stages, this is the appearance of eggs, larvae, then dolls and, finally, Imago. The entire period takes several months. The appearance of the larva is similar to a worm or caterpillar. The environment in which the mosquito is determined by the life date of the individual.

The level of the environment temperature is important. At higher temperatures, they can live up to 40 days, a lower indicator extends the life cycle up to 100 days.

In the natural environment, mosquitoes feed on animal blood, engage in reproduction, as a result of which large offspring appears. Once in an apartment, a bloodsucker can live up to a month, while under such conditions the larvae appear in a small amount. However, in raw basements, entrances, sewers and drains, the mosquito feels good and multiplies well and perfectly.

Reproduction

Mosquito is able to make a sound, a kind of squeak, which, due to sound vibrations, easily captures the male. Highly sensitive antennae help him in this.

Over time, the sound of squeaks changes in adults.

Propagation takes place in a swarm formed by mosquitoes. The female lays about 20-160 eggs, the process lasts several days. The basis of the process of eggs is the level of blood consumed by the female.

Egg masonry mainly takes place on the basis near the shore, on objects floating in reservoirs. To remove offspring, moisture is needed, in water the larvae resembles outwardly the raft.

The larva hatches in two days. An adult appears in a couple of weeks, there are times when this period takes up to one month.

How a mosquito bites and drinks blood

To bite the victim, the mosquito needs to find it. With the help of smell, mosquito will do this without difficulty. Usyk mosquito has up to 100 types of receptors. A third of them recognizes the substances characteristic of a person or animal.

Bloodsucks easily distinguish between the victim movement. Hearing a buzz, a person understands that this is a mosquito approaching. Mosquito shows the greatest activity at night.

A mosquito can be inhabited by many bites of both a person and an animal. Komarikha tries to drink at a time all the norm of blood. Then she digests blood and begins to lay eggs, while there is a sufficient amount of nutrients in the body. Mostly protein is necessary for females to reproduce offspring. Bloodsucking calculate the victim through the thermal environment, which radiates the body of a person or animal. In the wild, insects drink lymph of animals, as well as in rare cases of blood.

Scientists have found that mosquitoes that weigh 4 grams can drink the same amount of blood, t.e. identical to your weight.

Why mosquitoes bite some people more than others?

Each person had the experience of a mosquito bite and knows about all the negative consequences. Often some people bite more, and fewer others. You can refer to an accident, but certain factors are inherent in this pattern.

Consider the main factors attracting mosquitoes:

What happens to your body when a mosquito bites you

What diseases tolerate

Certain types of mosquitoes are a danger to humans. The bite itself is terrible, but infectious diseases transmitted through the blood. Mosquitoes living in areas such as Africa, America, Asia are most dangerous.

Malaria is considered an extremely dangerous disease, it can transfer it to the socalled malaria mosquito.

From mosquitoes, a person can get the following types of infections:

The value of mosquitoes

Mosquito is a necessary participant in the food chain. Its total extinction can affect the whole world.

Eggs and mosquito larvae serve as food for many amphibians. His larva filters water. Within an hour, she passes the order of a liter of water. An adult cleans the ponds, eating decomposition products.

The value of the mosquito remains even after his death. Dying, mosquitoes enrich the Earth with the necessary trace elements.

Males participate in pollination, thereby contribute to the development of plants. For predatory plants, mosquitoes are a favorite treat. The disappearance of mosquitoes may lead to a reduction in certain types of fish and irreversible changes in the world of lakes and rivers.

Despite the negative impact on humans, mosquitoes make up an important food chain in nature. Biocenosis includes representatives of insects, birds, fish and amphibians.  With the complete destruction of any participant, irreversible changes in natural conditions may occur.

Mosquito is important for maintaining the population of coldblooded ones, such as toad, frog, as well as bat.

The absence of mosquitoes can contribute to changing deer habitats. They do not like mosquitoes and live where they are absent. The disappearance of bloodsucking can lead to the development of new territories.

Natural enemies

Mosquitoes have many enemies around who want to eat them. Is a treat for a dragonfly larvae. In addition to her, the rest of the residents of rivers and seas seek to swallow them.

Among plants, there are also predators who catch mosquitoes and use them as a source of food. With the help of adhesive composition, with plants with a fat, a flycatcher, a mowl, a bubble, a mosquito is captured.

Birds: haircut, swallow, anxle, korolek, finch, a starling and a title. Reptiles: frog, triton, toad, chameleon, lizard and turtle.

Bat and ordinary mouse, as well as a hedgehog love to enjoy mosquitoes.

Where mosquitoes winter

The mosquito has a great adapting to habitat changes. So, the tropical mosquito is active all year, while other species sleep in winter. During this period, all life processes are reduced.

The Arctic mosquito leads an active life for only a couple of days a year, this time he spends on intensive reproduction.

Individuals prefer to winter in warm places, in a humid environment. Such places include:

In the forest, mosquitoes are hidden in wooden hollows, in holes, in wet ground, in boulders. These shelters give mosquitoes heat and cold protection.

Mosquitoes protection

To a person, in order to protect himself from bloodsucking, it is necessary to carefully protect his skin, avoiding dark colors when choosing clothes. You should wear tshirts with a long sleeve, cover your head with a cap or hat. Instead of shorts, wear trousers, and socks choose the highest as possible.

While in the forest, you should treat clothes and shoes with a protective spray from mosquitoes. The skin of the face and hands must be covered with a special repellent.

Actions to protect yourself from mosquitoes:

What to do to protect against mosquitoes in private household:

In the urban environment, the main measures will be:

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