The Amur is the largest river not only in Eurasia, but also in the world, the length of which is more than 2824 kilometers, thanks to the branching of some streams, floodplain lakes are formed. Due to natural factors and active anthropogenic activity, the regime of the river changes, and the water itself becomes dirty and unsuitable for drinking.
Water problems
Experts argue that one of the environmental problems of the Amur is eutrophication, namely, excessive saturation of the reservoir with biogenic elements. As a result, the amount of algae and plankton in the water increases significantly, a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus appears, and oxygen decreases. In the future, this leads to the extinction of the flora and fauna of the river.
Analyzing the state of water in the river. Amur, experts define it as dirty and very dirty, and in different regions the indicators differ. This is facilitated by domestic and industrial effluents. The content of chemical and organic elements in the water area leads to the fact that there are problems with the self-purification of the reservoir, the thermal regime and the chemical composition of water change.
Water pollution
The Amur River is polluted by industrial and social facilities of Eurasia, China and Mongolia. The greatest destruction is caused by large industrial enterprises, which practically do not purify water before dumping it. The average annual figures show that about 234 tons of chemical elements and compounds are discharged into the river, among which the most such substances are:
Problems of using Cupid
The main environmental problems are that the river flows through the territory of three states that have different regimes for the use of water resources. So these countries have different standards for navigation, placement of industrial facilities on land of the river basin. Since many dams have been built along the coastline, the course of the Amur is changing. Also, accidents that often occur at facilities located on the coast have a huge impact on the water regime. Unfortunately, the reported rules for the use of the river’s resources have not yet been established.
Thus, the Amur River is quite dirty. This contributes to a change in the regime of the reservoir and the properties of water, which leads to changes in the flora and fauna of the water area.
Solution
To solve the environmental problems of the Amur River, the authorities and the public are taking the following actions:
The water resource of the region the Amur River has been observed from space since 2018. Satellites monitor the activities of gold mining enterprises, industrial pollutants of the tributaries of the water artery.
The mobile laboratory reaches remote areas of the Amur, makes analyzes and proves the fact of the discharge on the spot, which accelerates the elimination of the harmful impact on the river.
The authorities of the region refused to attract Chinese labor so that the citizens of the neighboring country would not have wide opportunities in the illegal mining of gold on the banks of the Amur.
The federal project “Clean Water” stimulates:
Since 2019, the CHPP-2 chemical and biological station:
10 federal, regional and municipal environmental organizations monitor the facts of violations, create programs to attract environmental volunteers in the region to clean up the Amur coastal zone.
