Similarities and differences of man and animal what is common between humans and animals

Man and animal have a common origin. This is evidenced by many facts proven by science. Moreover, the higher the place of the animal on the evolutionary ladder, the more similarities are observed with a person.

General similarities

The similarities of humans and animal are physiology. So, both have organogenes. The principles of storage and implementation of genes in these representatives of the animal world are similar. Similarities are also noticeable in the development of the embryos of humans and animals: in the course of individual development, the fetus repeats the forms of their ancestors. So, for example, in the early stages of development, the fetus has gill slits.

Human resemblance (spinal) and invertebrates

All representatives of these subtypes have bilateral symmetry. They also have a nervous system, although it has a different structure.

These similarities are manifested at the stages of the origin of life: first, zygote, then blastula and gastrul are formed. Both invertebrates and a person first develops the primary, then secondary cavity.

Similarities with vertebrates

The main support of the human body is the spinal column. The skull and bones of the limbs are attached to it. A person, like all vertebrates, has a central nervous system consisting of a brain and spinal cord. The similarities also include the structure of the circulatory system, whose parts are the heart, arteries, veins with capillaries.

Similarities with mammals

These similarities are manifested in the process of ontogenesis. So, in the early stages of the embryo of a person, gill slits are also formed.

The similarities include the presence of atavisms with rudiments.

Mammals can even become infected from a person with some diseases. For example, rabies, plague and leptospirosis.

Similarities with primates

In humans, like primates, the brain has occipital and frontal lobes. The occipital is responsible for developed vision, and intellectual abilities depend on the frontal lobes. No less important similarity is the presence of front limbs capable of work. In people, like primates, the front limbs consist of brushes, the thumb is at an angle of 90 ° from the rest. There are nails on the end phalanxes. Man and primates have excellent collarbone. The sizes of the cranial box are also similar. The eye sockets look forward, the visibility fields of each visual organ are, therefore, the vision of the binocular.

The similarity of people and humanoid monkeys is also manifested in the presence of general diseases. This occurs due to DNA similarity. So, monkeys can become infected with tuberculosis, smallpox and hepatitis.

General differences in a person and animals

Physiological

The most important difference between a person and animals is a completely different, more complex structure of the brain. In humans, he, respectively, is larger than in animals. In the process of evolution, completely new structures and groups of neurons appeared, which began to be responsible for developed speech and the ability to think.

Social

As a result of evolution, a person has biosocial differences from animals. They arose for life in society. Differences suggest other behavior and lifestyle.

Unlike animals, a person is able to form rather unchanged ideas about objects of living and inanimate nature. Animals form an idea of ​​a specific subject, they cannot generalize their knowledge.

Representatives of the fauna are able to perform some complex actions, but they are controlled by instincts-genetically laid models of behavior. Their set is limited, there is a certain sequence of actions that is true for all conditions and never changes. For starters, people set a goal and build a plan that can change and adapt to the conditions of the external environment. After the implementation of the plan, a person analyzes the results and determines the best strategy to achieve the same goal in the future.

Human differences from vertebrates

These include uprising, and, accordingly, a different arrangement of organs in the abdominal cavity. A person also has a clear separation of the functions of the upper and lower extremities. This representative of mammals has a different structure of the brain. The right hemisphere is responsible for creativity, and the left for logical thinking.

Differences of a person and mammals

Man, unlike mammals, has only 1 mobile bone of the skull the lower jaw.

Differences in invertebrate animals

In general, the differences relate to the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system and the structure of some organs. Invertebrates central nervous system is very different from human. It is represented by a continuous pipe. In humans, this pipe is hollow inside.

The differences are also present in the type of circulation systems: in people it is closed, and in the almost absolute majority of invertebrates open. Moreover, the human body temperature does not have a correlation with the ambient temperature, when in invertebrates the temperature of the body directly depends on it.

The differences between human representatives and invertebrates are another skin structure. The first skin consists of an epidermis the outer layer and dermis. In invertebrates, this organ consists of only 1 layer.

Differences can be traced in the ability to have several pairs of genital organs. So, people are samesex creatures, and invertebrates are hermaphrodites.