A wide variety of landscape complexes are concentrated on the territory of our planet, differing from each other by climate, location, soil, waters and the animal world. One of the most common natural areas are steppes and forest stacks. These land plots have some similarities and are almost fully mastered by man. As a rule, landscape complexes are located in the area of forest zones and semideserts.
Characterization of the steppe
The steppe is understood as a natural zone common in belts such as moderate and subtropical. A feature of this area is the absence of trees. This is due to the climate of the landscape complex. There is little precipitation (about 250-500 mm per year) in the steppes, which makes it impossible to fully develop woody vegetation. In most cases, natural zones are inside the continents.
There is a division of the steppes to: mountain, cobblestone, real, meadow and deserted. The largest number of natural zones can be found in Australia, South America, Eastern Europe and South Siberia.
The soil of the steppe is considered one of the most fertile. First of all, it is represented by a black. The disadvantages of this area (for agricultural enterprises) are considered to be a lack of moisture and the inability to engage in agriculture in winter.
Characterization of the foreststeppe
Forestry is understood as a natural zone that skillfully combines a section of forest and steppe. This is a transition complex in which you can find forests of a broadleaved and smallleaved type. At the same time, in such areas there are multitrack steppes. As a rule, foreststeppe are in a temperate and subtropical belt. They can be found in Eurasia, Africa, Australia and North, South America.
The soil of the forest stake is also considered one of the most fertile in the world. It consists of chernozem and humus. Due to the high quality of the soil and its fertility, most of the landscape complexes are subjected to strong anthropogenic effects. For a long time, foreststeppe is used for agriculture.
Climate and soil in natural areas
Since the steppes and foreststeppes are located in the same climatic zones, they have similar weather conditions. In these regions, warm, and sometimes hot, dry weather prevails.
In summer, the air temperature in the foreststeppe ranges from +22 to +30 degrees. Natural areas are highly evident. The average precipitation is 400-600 mm per year. It happens that in some periods the foreststeppe zones transfer strong drought. As a result, there are Sukhoi a mixture of hot and dry winds in the regions. This phenomenon detrimentally affects the plant world, it can dry all living things in the root.
The steppe is characterized by a slightly different climate contrast. The main characteristics of the weather conditions of this region are: the minimum amount of precipitation (250-500 mm per year), severe heat, sharp cooling and frosts in the winter period. In summer, the air temperature ranges from +23 to +33 degrees. Landscaping zones are characterized by dryhaired, droughts and dusty storms.
Due to the dry climate of the river and the lake in the steppes and forest-steppes are extremely rare, and sometimes they simply dry out due to arid weather. It is very difficult to get to groundwater, they lie as deep as possible.
However, the soil in these regions is of high quality. Humus horizon in some areas reaches a height of one meter. Due to the small amount of precipitation, the vegetation dies faster and retrments, as a result of which the quality of the soil improves. The steppes are famous for chestnut soils, while forest stacks gray forest and chernozem.
But whatever the quality of the soil of these regions, it is significantly worsened as a result of wind erosions and human activities.
Animal and plant world
Spring is a wonderful time of the year when everything around blooms. In the steppe you can observe the beauty of Kovil, wormwood and cereals. Also in these regions (depending on the type of degree), such a plant as rolling, rodnyak, ephemeer and ephemeroid are growing.
Feather grass
Sagebrush
Tumbleweed
Protnyak
Ephemeer
Pictureships of deciduous forests, as well as conifers, multitrack areas are common in the foreststeppe. Linden, beech, ash, chestnuts grow in the landscape complex. In some regions, you can find birch-axine kolki.
Linden
Beech
Ash
Chestnut
The animal world of the steppes is represented by antelopes, marmots, gophers, blinds, carcasses, kangaroos rats.
Antelope
Marmot
Gopher
Sleysh
Jerboa
Kangaroo rat
The habitat of animals depends on the environmental features. Representatives of birds fly to the warm edges in the winter time. Birds are represented by steppe eagles, larks, ramps, moons and emptys.
Steppe eagle
Lark
Bustard
The steppe moon
Kestrel
In the foreststeppe you can find moose, roe deer, wild boar, gopher, ferret and hamster. Also in certain regions, mice, larks, saigas, foxes and other representatives of the animal world live.
Elk
Roe
Steppe ferret
Fox
