In the course of chemical and physical processes in the terrestrial biosphere, the carbon cycle (C) is constantly going on. This element is an essential component of all living organisms. Carbon atoms are constantly circulating in various spheres of our planet. Thus, the carbon cycle reflects the dynamics of life on Earth as a whole.
How does the carbon cycle work?
Most of the carbon in the atmosphere is in the form of carbon dioxide. Water also contains carbon dioxide. At the same time, as the cycle of water and air occurs in nature, C is rotated in the environment. As for carbon dioxide, it is absorbed from the atmosphere by plants. Next, photosynthesis occurs, after which various substances are formed, which include carbon. The total amount of carbon is divided into parts:
Diagram of the carbon cycle
When carbon dioxide enters the aquatic environment, it evaporates and enters the atmosphere, taking part in the water cycle in nature. Part of the carbon is absorbed by marine flora and fauna, and when they die, carbon accumulates at the bottom of the water area along with the remains of plants and animals. A significant part of C is soluble in water. If carbon is part of rocks, fuel or sediment, then this part is lost from the atmosphere.
It should be noted that carbon enters the air due to volcanic eruptions, exhalation of carbon dioxide by living beings and emissions of various substances during fuel combustion. In this regard, scientists have now found that an excess amount of CO2 accumulates in the air, which leads to the greenhouse effect. At the moment, an excess of this compound significantly pollutes the air environment, negatively affects the ecology of the entire planet.
Thus, carbon is the most important element in nature, it is involved in many processes. Its state depends on its quantity in one or another shell of the Earth. Excessive amounts of carbon can lead to environmental pollution.
