The largest earth on the entire planet, mysterious and amazing the Pacific Ocean. Five continents are washed by them, on the life of which he has an unconditional influence. One of its main influences is climatic, which is carried out with the help of many different movements. Deep and superficial, coldwater and heat water. They control the temperature of the ocean water, contribute to the formation of coastal territories, affect the industrial activity of people.
Current trends in the Pacific Ocean
There are many coldwater and heatwater currents in the ocean. Due to the specifics of their location and scale, they form two closed circles:
I circle. North-passionate warm current. It in the coastal waters of the Philippines passes throughout Kurasio, and subsequently replaces the North Tikhocaan and, gradually cooling, forms the California;
II circle. In the field of the southern hemisphere, it is formed by the currents moving counterclockwise: the south-passage, turning into the South Australian, then to the South Pacific, which is cooled by the flow of Western cold winds to the Peruvian;
Equatorial antitacking is formed between the northern and southern circle of currents;
In addition to 2 formed circles in the ocean, there is a course of western winds (Antarctic circumpolar), which passes around the pole;
In the northern part of the ocean, the Alaskan current, turning into Kurilskoye, which gradually connects with the northern Pacific.
Sea currents of the Pacific Ocean
The hypotheses of the birth of the currents of the Pacific Ocean:
Unstable saturation of water.
Exposure to air flows on the surface.
Uneven depths.
The warmths of the Pacific Ocean
In such currents, the temperature of the water is higher than the midocean temperature. The heatwater flow of the ocean:
North passage-it crosses the ocean from east to west to Philippines in the range of 20-30 g. northern latitude, and practically does not get out of this range throughout its entire length. Its speed is 0.4-1.8 km/h. It is distinguished by significant breadth (2000 km) and exceptional stability;
Kurosio (translated from the Japanese “black current”) proceeds, going around the Philippines. The width is approximately 100 kilometers, speed 1-6 km/h. It contains small and mesblunt vortices;
North Pacific-it is located in the northern part of the ocean, directed towards North America. Its width is 700 km, and speed up to 4 km/h.;
Alaskan course of the north-eastern part of the ocean. Its speed is from 0.9 km/h to 2.5 km/h, and the width in the region of five hundred kilometers;
The south-passive current moves in the southern latitudes. It is born in the coast of South America and rushes to Australia. Its width is 800 km, and the speed is 3 km/h.;
East Australian current, deviates from the south passage and moves, enveloping Australia. Its width is two hundred kilometers, and the speed is 5-6 km/h.
Cold currents of the Pacific Ocean
The course of the ocean affect the recombination of the masses of heat inside, as well as the nature of the territories washed by its waters. Coldwater currents lead to the formation of deserts (for example, the attack desert in South America);
Kurilskoye (Oyasio-“Blue Water”) is located in the northwestern part of the ocean, it originates in the Bering Sea. Its width reaches 60 km, and speed up to 4 km/h. The area of its movement is the richest place in the world in the animal world;
California is directed to the southeast, okayly coastal California. Its width is 600 km, and the speed can reach 4 km/h.;
Peruvian (Humboldt course) is one of the most powerful ice movements in the world. Begins at Magellanov Strait and directed towards North America. It can reach up to 1300 km, and speed up to 1 km/h.;
Western winds (Antarctic Circumpolar) are the most powerful of the currents on the planet, it crosses absolutely all the meridians. He does not have analogues in this part. It is formed as a result of Western transfer. Its width is up to 2500 km, and speed up to 0.9 km/h.;
South Pacific is located in the southern region;
Cromwell is below the southern passage. Its width is up to three hundred kilometers, and speed is up to 6 km/h.
The nature of the flow of the Pacific Ocean
The course of this part of the world have their own characteristics. The averaged salinity of the waters of these currents is approaching 36 ppm, the transparency of the waters in some areas is from forty to fifty meters. The averaged temperature of water flow +19 ° C.
The peculiarity of the currents of the Pacific Ocean
The strongest system of the currents of the ocean lends itself to both the generalized laws of the oceans and has its own characteristics.
Once every 5-7 years, El Nigno (“Boy, Baby”) leads to global fluctuations and climate changes appears in the waters of the ocean. The mechanism of its occurrence is associated with a decrease in atmospheric pressure in the south of the ocean and a simultaneous increase in the field of Australia and Indonesia, the plots are weakened in the south of the ocean and the wind changes. During this phenomenon of water off the coast of South America, abnormal heat indicators are acquired. At the same time, the coast is covered by the largest floods, tsunami, intensive showers. While the drought comes in Indonesia and Australia.
Another phenomenon Pacific currents due to their localizations lead to the formation of a whirlpool of likeness in the center of the ocean, at the same time the strongest flows passing along the coastal lines of Japan and North America, capture plastic waste. Subsequently, moving them to sections of the water surface with calm currents in the northern parts of the ocean, where the Pacific Tosor spot is formed (“garbage continent”).
The course of the Kurosio plays an important role in the formation of the Aleutian minimum.
The joint influence of the seismically active zone on Earth (volcanic fiery ring of the Pacific Ocean), a complex bottom relief (10% is located in the outskirts of the continents), strong and multiple currents lead to the formation of tsunami (80% of the world).
