The natural zone of the tundra takes about 5-7% of the planet sushi. The climate of the zone is characterized by the absence of a warm summer. In this climate, it lasts only a few weeks, and the average air temperature reaches 15 ° C. Low temperatures cause moisture accumulation and this leads to the formation of swampy areas in the territory. In the tundra zone, the species composition of animals is small, but it differs in a large number. The plant world of tundra requires special attention. He is rich in variety and beautiful. We offer you to get acquainted with the list of the most distinctive plants of accustomed to this climate.
Characteristic plants of the tundra
Heather
Shrub with unusually beautiful inflorescences. Is a national flower of Norway. The plant is saturated with persistent delicious aroma. On a large number of leaves, small flowers of various colors are located. The plant is distinguished by a variety of species. The plant grows well in partial places with small shrubs.
Kuropathic grass
A small flowering plant is often called “Dryad” in honor of the ancient Greek forest goddess nymph. Large snowwhite flowers are loved by people, so they are often planted in gardens. In addition, the plant includes wild partridges and geese in their winter diet. The plant has dense specific leaves, in winter they remain green.
Sedge
The plant loves moisture and cold temperature. In the wild, sedge is very useful. The plant is considered classic and is used to surviving in different climate. In the tundra, animals eat Sawok all year round, especially in winter. Fans of sedge are deer, moose, rodents and muskrats. The stem has such a shape that it is easy for a person to cut them.
Blueberry
A popular plant, has a blue shade of foliage. The fruits are similar to blueberries, located between the fine oval foliage of the plant. Blueberries belongs to the most common tundra plants. There are several types of bushes of this plant.
Water
Evergreen shrub with healing properties. Plant branches are similar to spruce and well distinguishable from many other plant species. In the middle of summer, bright pink inflorescences appear on the bush. After flowering, the plant forms round black berries. Tundra hunters often quench with juicy berries the watery of thirst, from which the name appeared. Because of its popularity, the plant has many names-the wizard, crimson, etc.D.
Reindeer moss
Very important plant for animals tundra in the winter period. It is also called “deer moss”, since for nine months of cold weather, deer are used daily yagel. The plant is 90% of the winter diet of the northern deer. Animals find him by smell even under a thick layer of snow. Yagel belongs to lichens, it is considered the largest and can reach 15 cm in height.
Cloudberry
This herbaceous plant belongs to the genus of raspberries. It is seasonal, since during the cold, the upper part of the clogging dies and only the root remains. Only by spring does the stem grow on which leaves and flowers will grow. The yellow-orange berries of the plants are different from raspberries, like its fruit itself. Clouding is a dioecious plant. This means that some plants carry male flowers, from which there are no fruits, and the latter only female, berries appear from them.
Willow shaggy
Each sheet and branch of the shrub are covered with thick hairs, they protect willow from cold weather and frost. The northern deer have been waiting for a very long time when fresh leaves appear on the shrub. They eat them with pleasure, for the health of animals they are very useful. A northern deer can eat up to 7-10 kg of this shrub for a day.
Bagoon
A beautiful plant with a large number of mediumsized colors. The plant itself in the climate of the tundra can reach 1.5 meters. The stem is covered with villi protecting the bagulate from strong cold. Flowers exude a bright and sugary aroma. It cannot be inhaled for a long time, as this can cause headache or dizziness. For animals, tundra for the same reasons do not eat a plant, because it contains a large number of essential oils and toxic substances.
The highlander is vigorous
A small herbaceous plant with narrow oblong leaves. Small pink or white flowers are located on a long stem. The highlander is a livestock has an edible root, they can be consumed in cheese or boiled form.
Other tundra plants
Dwarf birch
Blueberry
Cowberry
Lapland pine (Frisa)
Conclusion
Each plant of the tundra adapted to the harsh climate of the region. Most plants eat animals in food, in winter only some of them are an effective source of useful trace elements for the northern deer, lemmings and many other inhabitants of the tundra.
Other articles on the topic:
- The nature of the tundra
- Animal tundra
- Animals of the Red Book Tundra
- Lesotundra
- All about the northern deer
