The arthropodic subclass of ticks are the most numerous representatives of the classroom class. The number of their species exceeds 54 thousand.
A huge number of ticks and their species diversity are due to the fact that due to their small sizes, they managed to fill in various surfaces. In particular, the upper soil layer, where there are many decaying organic residues.
The size of the ticks varies from 0.08 to 3.8 mm.
Contrary to popular belief, the forks of infectious diseases and parasites is the vast majority of ticks. They are mainly predators or saprophages.
Barn (flour, bread) tick
The barn (flour, bread) tick got its name due to the fact that the main products of its diet are flour, grain and cereals. Another representatives of this supranemium settle on the surface of cheeses, wines, and onions.
The body length of the tick is 0.2-0.5 mm. It is almost transparent, has a whitish or brownish tint. There are no visions of vision and touch. But there are jaws that can chew food.
Barn ticks food pest. The grain infected by him gives poor germination. The tick, entering the body along with infected food, causes poisoning, an allergic reaction, asthmatic manifestations, etc.
Argasian tick
Representatives of the family of Argas ticks are parasites and feed exclusively with blood. Their objects are cats, poultry, dogs, large and small cattle, etc.D. Some of their species even tolerate the disease that are dangerous to humans, such as Borelliosis and return typhoid. Some species have toxic saliva. She, falling into the blood with a bite, causes severe pain and itching.
Body dimensions can be different: from 3 mm to 3 cm. The coloring is yellowish-gray, and in parasites that have just drunk blood, it is light purple. Ticks live for a long time, and even in a hungry state can exist up to 11 years.
Brown dog tick
Brown dog mites belongs to the family of ixodovs. He leads a parasitic lifestyle on mammals, he can even attack a person. Its main victims are dogs. The dog tick is not on the animal constantly: having drunk blood, leaves it until the next time. Able for a long time to hide in the cracks of the floor and walls. Females lay eggs there the same.
Brown tick is very dangerous, t.to. is a carrier of serious diseases Marseille fever, tularemia, encephalitis. You can meet it in wet coastal regions of Europe, Asia and Africa. In Eurasia lives on the shores of the Black Sea.
Water (sea) tick
A group of water ticks includes more than 5,000 different types. Their body can be round or slightly elongated. The hind legs equipped with bristles are elongated and designed to move in water.
They live in fresh reservoirs. Some species live in sea water. By the type of power of a water tick, it refers to predators that eat small animals: crustaceans and insect larvae. The tick, piercing his proboscis and injecting a secret, simply sucks his victim.
The water tick parasitizes in the gills and mantles of freshwater and marine inhabitants (for example, mollusks, trunk), as well as on the body of water insects: water meters, floods and others.
Gamaz tick
The group of gamaz ticks is represented by more than 6,000 species. These microscopic arthropods have very small sizes from 0.2 to 2.5 mm and body in the form of an oval. Can be whitish or brown. The body of the tick is covered with spinal and abdominal shields, as well as bristles.
Their representatives are omnivorous, predatory and parasitizing. The latter live everywhere where there are animals: in the soil, nests, burrows, caves, rooms for pets, hives.
Some ticks feed on human blood. The places of their bites are blushing and itchy. Biting, can transmit serious diseases through the blood: plague, typhoid, tularemia.
Ixodic tick
The number of ticks included in the Ixodoval family exceeds 650 species. Males have a body size 2.5 mm. Females larger: from 3 to 4 mm. Blood pumped an individual increases in size up to 10 mm. Brownish body color in a wellfed tick changes to gray. Live everywhere on all continents. Live even in cold Antarctic, where they parasitize on local birds penguins.
Bloodsucking representatives of the family, which in Eurasia are represented mainly by dog and taiga ticks, are carriers of dangerous infectious diseases tickborne encephalitis and borreliosis.
Classic tick
The suburb of shell ticks has a huge number of species more than 11,000. Among them there are woody, conducting the entire life cycle on trees, and soil, contributing to the formation of soil. All of them feed on organic remnants of plants, mushrooms, mosses, lichens, and animals fell. But there are predatory representatives among the shell ticks. There were no parasites in this submission. But they can be carriers of eggs of parasitic worms helminths.
These ticks have dimensions of 0.2-1.4 mm and dark body color (black or brown). All continents and islands are places of habitat of ticks of this submarine.
Pasture tick
Pasture mite is a wellknown representative of the family of ixodic detachment of parasitoform ticks. It has become widespread in Western Siberia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, in the south of Eurasia and Europe and on some islands of the Mediterranean Sea.
It is a bloodsucking on domestic cattle and wild animals: predators and herbivores. Moreover, before the start of the meal, it makes several skin punctures for the sample. The hungry tick has a body size of 4-5 mm, and a well-fed reaches 15 mm.
Pastbizhny tick tolerates pathogens of diseases such as: hemorrhagic fever, North Asian rickestsiosis, encephalitis, plague, brucellosis, tularemia.
Spider mite
An ordinary spider mite is one of the types of a family of spider mites.
The length of his body is from 0.4 to 0.6 mm in females. Males have a little less. Body shape resembles ellipse. It is convex on top and flat from below. Tick larvae transparent, sometimes with a greenish tint, and females of adults are reddish.
Live everywhere with the exception of Antarctica.
A spider mite is a pest of plants, t.to. feeds them, sucking juices from them. After that, the plants turn yellow and die. Such a parasite is a real attack for gardens, gardens and home plants. It is difficult with ticks, but you can fight with various chemicals and using folk remedies.
Subcutaneous tick
The subcutaneous tick has an elongated shape and dimensions 0.2 0.5 mm. Its presence on human skin is normal (2 or 3 individuals per 1 cm2) does not have any harmful effects. Tick even helps to normalize skin functions. But under certain circumstances (reduction of immunity), it begins to actively reproduce and causes a disease of demodecosis.
The ticks of the sebaceous ducts of the skin (where it feeds on skin fat), hair follicles, as well as eyelashes and eyebrows. Subsequently populates the whole face, causing acne, allergic reactions, blepharitis and conjunctivitis of the eye.
For example, dogs can also suffer from subcutaneous ticks and other mammals.
Dusty (bed, linen) tick
The genus of dust ticks has approximately 150 different types of microscopic sizes: from 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
Are synanthropes and feed on particles of dead human skin. In this regard, they are widespread everywhere in people’s dwellings and live in upholstered furniture, carpets, bedding, mattresses and wherever dust can accumulate. The most favorable for them are conditions of high humidity, as well as air temperature from 18 to 25 ° C.
Such a tick can cause an allergy expressed in the form of atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, bronchitis, conjunctivitis. The most powerful manifestation of allergies is bronchial asthma.
Ciliary tick
Two types of the genus family of the Zheleznitsa family are called ciliary ticks: Demodex Folliculorum and Demodex Brevis. They parasitize on human skin and are concentrated mainly near the nose, on eyelashes, eyebrows. They feed on skin fat, live in follicles of hair bulbs. They may not show themselves until the moment of decrease in local or general immunity. In this case, diseases such as demodecium blepharitis and conjunctivitis can cause.
Ticks show the greatest activity in the dark and at air temperature from 30 ° C. Therefore, the aggravation of demodicosis in people who can arise mainly in the summer.
Scabies tick
Scabies tick or scabies a parasite that has chosen its habitat intradermal space of mammals, including humans.
The tick is a small arthropod white-yellow color in size 0.23-0.45 mm. Oval body, no eye. Outside the owner at a temperature of 21 ° C and a moisture content of 40-80 % perches for 24 or 36 hours.
Itching digs moves in the skin, laying eggs there. Developed larvae and adult individuals feed on the blood of the owner. Their life causes scabies. This disease is accompanied by severe itching and redness.
The infections introduced during combing often join scabies.
Taiga tick
Taja tick is a famous representative of the Ixodov family. Usually found in the forest, thickets of shrubs, high grass. Widely distributed in Eurasia, Belarus, Finland, in southern Japan.
Adults have dimensions from 2.2 to 3.8 mm. Females are larger than males. Sumzers of blood can reach 13 mm. They have no vision of vision, but the organs of smell are well developed, as well as thermoreceptors. Thanks to them, ticks choose the most close to people and animals for “ambush”.
The taiga tick often becomes a carrier of tickborne encephalitis, borreliosis and other infections.
